gene basics

Question 1

what is a genome made of?

Answer 1

genes (protein coding DNA) and nc DNA

in prokary genome size and chromosome can be very similar

Question 2

in lower euk how is the genome organised compared to prokary?
> for protein coding gene

Answer 2

genes on both strands of DNA (50/50 split) instead of strand biad

genes randomly scattered across genome instead of clusters

some may cluster together (like galactose digestion) but be seperate mRNA instead of polycistronic

Question 3

how are RNA encoding genes organised in the genome?

Answer 3

produced as a polycistronic transcript and exist as large clusters and spacially packed close in the nucleoulus

thought to help with create a large amount of rRNAs

Question 4

how are tRNA encoding genes organised in genome?

Answer 4

randomly scattered across genome and often multiple copies of tRNA gene

Question 5

what kind of junk DNA do yeast possess?

Answer 5

yeast have retroelements (Ty) which make copies of themselved via an RNA intermediate

also have SSR/satellite DNA in centromere of chromosome

Question 6

what is the purpose of junk/nc DNA?

!! Need an expose on this

Answer 6

could be an evolutionary survival advantage

may help with gene and protein expression

but mostly don’t know the function of nc DNA

Question 7

what proportion of the genome is coding DNA?

Answer 7

only 2% is protein coding!

Question 8

what are genes?

!!! need to evaluate this

Answer 8

they are transcriptional units