Gender & Sexuality: Nature Or Nuture Flashcards
Define psychological anthropology
The study of the relationship between culture and personality
What was the going assumption about men and women?
Women: word genetically programmed to be dependent, nurturing, gentle, and passive.
Men: programmed to be independent, tough, and aggressive
What did Margaret Mead discover about gender roles in Arapesh culture?
Women fit the assumption criteria of the stereotype but the men did not
What did Margaret Mead discover about gender roles in the Mundugumors culture?
Both sexes exhibited male behaviors
Without an emphasis of selfishness, aggressiveness, and high levels of sexuality
What did Margaret Mead discover about gender roles in the Tchambuli culture?
Behavior roles are opposite of north American society.
Males were described as less responsible and more dependent
(vain about their appearance and involved in gossiping)
Women were independent, competent, businesslike, concerned with providing for their family and sexually aggressive
Define sex
The biological aspects of being male, female, or other, assigned at birth based on external genitalia
Define gender
Encompasses the behavioral, psychological, and social cultural aspects of being male or female
Define sexual dimorphism
The biological and behavioral differences between males and females
Where is the Polynesia located and how many gender roles does this culture acknowledge?
Located in Tahiti and Hawaii
Has three gender roles
Where is the Zuni located and how many gender roles does this culture acknowledge?
Located in southwestern United States
Third gender roles
Where is the Hijra located and how many gender roles does this culture acknowledge?
Located in northern India
Third gender roles
What roles do males hold in patrilocal societies?
Higher status than females
What type of gender roles do forager’s have?
Women provide by gathering activities.
- don’t have much power over men
Men provide the vast majority of the food
How does the ideology of the Yanomamo reflect how women are treated in their society?
Men seem to be above women
It is reflected in the division of labor
- Women do minimal tasks such as collecting water and firewood
- men make war, become shamans and headman
Western societies assume how many gender roles?
Two gender roles;
male and female
