Gender Identity Case Studies

Question 0

1976 and 79 Wilson and Goldberg

Answer 0

Biologically argued that behaviour is based on our genes and hormones which made men dominant

Question 1

1935 Margaret Mead

Answer 1

Studied three tribes in New Guinea and found a variety of gender roles, thus argues that gender was a social construction not biological

Question 2

1972 Anne Oakley

Answer 2

Discovered family is crucial for socialising into gender identities. Parents channel their behaviour and manipulate their interests. Terms of endearment and chores reinforce hegemonic gender roles (She is a feminist).

Question 3

1993 Sue Lees

Answer 3

Peer pressure shapes hegemonic gender identity. Believes girls are controlled through name calling and labelling. Identified double standard. She is a feminist

Question 4

1995 Connell

Answer 4

Identified hegemonic masculinity as the dominant form of masculinity. Other forms such as new man seem as inferior.

Question 5

1976 and 1994 Sue Sharpe

Answer 5

Researched girls priorities and found they had shifted to work and finance. Shows how the feminist movement and changing attitudes has improved opportunities.

Question 6

1982 McRobbie

Answer 6

Teenage girls’ magazines show focus on femininity and boyfriends but recently encourage assertiveness

Question 7

1982 Tuchman

Answer 7

Content analysis of media - found women are portrayed in limited roles as housewives or sex objects

Question 8

2000 Mort

Answer 8

Identified emergence of metrosexual male - heterosexual but fashion and appearance conscious

Question 9

1994 Mac an Ghaill

Answer 9

Identified a crisis of masculinity, some men adopt new identities

Question 10

1997 Wilkinson

Answer 10

Freedom’s Children - men and women are now free to explore their masculine and feminine sides, children see freedom as their birthright