Gender Bias AO1 & AO3

Question 1

Define Universality

Answer 1

Conclusions draw can be applied to everyone regardless of time, culture and gender

Question 2

Define Gender Bias

Answer 2

Findings that don’t represent the experience and behaviour of men and women

Question 3

What is Alpha Bias?

Answer 3

Suggests that there are real and enduring differences between men and women - Can enhance/undervalue members of either sex

Question 4

Define Beta Bias

Answer 4

Theories that ignore/minimise the difference between the sexes

Question 5

Define Androcentrism

Answer 5

Normal behaviour is judged according to the male standard, causing female behaviour to be seen as abnormal or deficient by comparison

Question 6

What can gender bias create

AO3

Answer 6

Misleading assumptions about females - provides a scientific ‘justification’ that can deny women opportunities.

Increases credibility - real world implications

Question 7

What does the lack of women appointed on senior research levels lead to?

AO3

Answer 7

Female concerns not being reflected as male researchers are more likely to have work published in journal articles
Lab experiments allow male researchers to label women
Increases internal validity of alpha bias

Question 8

Why is reflexivity in research important?

AO3

Answer 8

Can lead to greater awareness of personal biases in shaping research - embracing crucial and critical aspects of the research process

increases credibility in research