Gender Bias Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the idea of universitality

A

That Psychologists often claim to have discovered universal human behaviour

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2
Q

What is the reality of research in relation to universality

A

In reality however, their work may be gender bias.

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3
Q

What are the 2 types of gender bias

A

Alpha and beta

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4
Q

What is alpha bias

A

Theories and studies which emphasise/exaggerate the differences between males and females

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5
Q

What is beta bias

A

Theories and studies ignore or minimise the differences between males and females

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6
Q

What is androcentrism

A

When only a male view is considered and applied to both genders

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7
Q

When there is an alpha bias and the differences are exaggerated, what effect does it have to on the genders

A

Tries to heighten the value for women sometimes but for the most of it, its to devalue them

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8
Q

How does freuds theories show alpha male

A

Femininity is failed masculinity and that we can never believe that the 2 sexes are equal in position or worth

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9
Q

What did Hornsey think about females jealousy of men

A

females werent envious of men’s attributes but they were jealous of their social class.

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10
Q

What type of envy did Horner say men had

A

Womb envy

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11
Q

What is womb envy

A

males were envious of females’ ability to have children and compensated for that by achieving in other domains.

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12
Q

How did kohlberg show beta bias for his theory of moral reasoning

A

He used an all male sample and generalised his findings to females as he believed that male and females make similar moral decisions and that women are morally inferior due to their home life

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13
Q

When findings are generalised to females because of all male samples, what impact does this have on the understanding of female behaviour

A

Their behaviours are misunderstood and they become pathologists (seen has being psychologically abnormal)

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14
Q

What is an implication of gender bias

A

It may create misleading info about human behaviour and create negative stereotypes and discrimination towards women and this would lead to a misunderstanding of many aspects with a female relation for example, women are 2x as likely to be diagnosed with depression which could effect their opportunities in their lives negatively

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15
Q

Why is gender bias research a limitation

A

Males are more likely to have their research published and research which challenges gender bias may not be published. They also found that they are less funded and are published by less prestigious unis which means that fewer people are aware of the issue. This suggests that gender bias in psychological research isn’t taken that seriously

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16
Q

What is the limitation of sexism in research

A

Gender bias promotes sexism in research as despite psych undergrad tends to be female dominant, lecturers tend to be male and researchers are also mostly male. This may cause a disadv to female ppts leading to underrepresentation and misunderstanding