GENDER BIAS Flashcards
What is Universality?
Applying the findings of a study to all people.
What are the three ways gender bias can occur?
1) Using male samples
2) Using male behaviour as a standard so female behaviour is seen as differing from the norm
3) Emphasising biological differences
What is Alpha bias?
When differences are exaggerated between men and women, which either heightens or devalues the value of women.
What is Beta bias?
Downplaying the differences in between the behaviours of genders; this includes misrepresentation of samples by using only male participants.
Alpha and Beta bias are consequences of Androcentrism. What is it?
Men’s behaviour being taken as the norm and women’s behaviour being viewed as atypical.
What is Institutional sexism? Does it support or contradict gender bias?
-men dominate at senior research level, therefore research agenda follows male concerns, which may lead to female concerns being ignored. SUPPORT🟢
Is the use of standardised procedures in research in support or contradicting to gender bias?
The genders may be treated differently, which may affect their reactions. A standardised procedure may create or mask artificial differences. SUPPORT🟢
What is dissemination of research results? Do they support or contradict gender bias?
It is publishing results with bias towards positive results. Findings are more likely to be published if they show a difference in genders. This exaggerates alpha bias. SUPPORT🟢
Why does being wary of accepting research reduce gender bias?
Do not take as biological facts.
What is an example of Alpha Bias?
Freud insisted that since females do not experience castration anxiety, they have less of a need to identify with standards of the same sex parent. This suggests women are less moral than males.
