Gender and Health Flashcards
is a key driver of power to exercise the right to health, including exposure to risks of poor health, health seeking behaviors, access to quality health care, and outcomes of health and wellbeing.
Gender
Is gender the same as biological sex?
No, it encompasses all genders and sexual orientations
These 2 remain the significant cause of death in girls and women
Pregnancy complications and unsafe abortions
Significant cause of death in men
consumption of tobacco and alcohol, their likelihood of death from violence, deaths from road injuries, and deaths by suicide
% of ministers of health worldwide are women
27%
means that all people have the right to realize their full potential to lead healthy lives, contribute to health development, and benefit from the results of this development.
Gender equality in health
means fairness in addressing the different health needs of people according to their gender.
Gender equity in health
When individuals or groups do not “fit” established gender norms they often face ____ ,____ or ____
stigma, discrimination or social exclusion
- Defining characteristics of sex
- Biological feature of people
- Chromosomal
- Gene expression
- Hormonal
- Reproductive anatomy
is used as an umbrella term for individuals born with natural variations in biological or physiological characteristics that do not fit traditional definitions of male or female
Intersex
refers to a person’s innate, deeply felt internal and individual experience of gender, which may or may not correspond to the person’s physiology or designated sex at birth.
Gender identity
refers to how an individual expresses their gender identity, including dress and speech
Gender expression
is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity and expression does not conform to the norms and expectations traditionally associated with the sex assigned to them at birth
Transgender
refers to a person’s physical, romantic and/or emotional attraction (or lack thereof) towards other people
Sexual orientation
Risks of disease through sex
- Genetics
- Cellular
- physiological
contribute to differences in vulnerabilities and susceptibilities to illness,
- Gender norms
- Socialization
- Roles
- Control
- Difference in power
In most societies, they have lower status and have less control over decision-making about their bodies, in their intimate relationships, families and communities, exposing them to violence, coercion and harmful practices
Girls and Women
Gender diverse people are more likely to experience
- Violence
- Coercion
- Stigma
- Discrimination
These individuals experience high levels of mental health illness – linked to the discrimination and stigma they face from societies and in healthcare settings
Transgender
builds on, and extends, the understanding of how gender power dynamics interact with other power hierarchies of privilege or disadvantage, resulting in inequality and differential health outcomes for different people
Intersectionality
including those related to rigid notions of masculinity – affect the health and well-being of boys and men
Harmful gender norms
is the process of assessing the implications for women, men and gender diverse people of any planned action within a health system
Gender mainstreaming
It is a strategy for making the concerns and experiences of diverse women and men an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all spheres so that they benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated.
Gender mainstreaming
is not an end in itself but a strategy, an approach and a means to achieve the goal of gender equality.
Gender mainstreaming
identifies, assesses and informs actions to address inequality and inequity. It is used to systematically identify differentials between groups of women and men.
Gender analysis
Against the backdrop of COVID-19, there has been
a global surge in violence against ______
Women
Statistics Office data shows that ____ women
aged _____ years has experienced violence at least
once in their lifetime, with the most common
perpetrator being a current or most recent partner
one in five, 15-49
Data from the Philippine National Police shows that
in the period of quarantine between 15 March – 2
April, there were ___ cases of violence against
women and ___ cases of rape reported in the
Philippines.
391, 42
These 3 are widespread in the Philippines, with over half of Filipino women having concerns about their safety in the community
- Harassment
- Sexual harassments
- Discrimination
% healthcare workers in
the Philippines are women, women are likely to
experience a spike in discrimination and
harassment.
72%
Recommendations in avoiding harassments towards women
- Reporting
- Women Shelters
- Delivery of reproductive health service
- Laws on gender based violence
- Social protection
The place where COVID-19 risks undermining fragile peace and community
resilience, potentially triggering unrest, and rolling
back advancements in women’s rights in the region
BARMM
3 Recommendation towards IDP communities
- Social cohesion measure
- Resilience and reduction efforts
- Proportionate and gender sensitive sector driven COVID 19 response
In the Philippines, women are overrepresented in the _____ economy
informal
In the formal sector, many Filipino women are
employed in the ____ (4 of them)
- service industry
- inducting retail
- Hospitality
- tourism
4 Recommendations toward unpaid care work
- Social protection plans
- Gender sensitive workplace policies
- access to support measures
- Inclusivity to women socio economic needs
percent of Filipino women being trafficked abroad
80%
1 Recommendation toward women migrant workers
should be afforded
their full human rights, without discrimination
and regardless of their migration status, in
compliance with international law.
2 Recommendation towards women leadership and participation
- Should be promoted including in BARMM
- The Philippine Commission on Women should consider leading a whole of Government
approach to mainstreaming gender and the rights of women and girls in recovery efforts
are important partners in emergency responses and recovery, and civic space for them requires continued investment
Women civil society
is uniquely
placed to mainstream gender-inclusive recovery
efforts and promote outcomes that benefit women
and girls.
Philippine Commission on Women
1 recommendation towards impact on women civil society
Continue to engage and support the participation of women’s civil society in COVID-19 processes
