Family Health Care Flashcards
3 AREAS OF FAMILY PARTICIPATION ON PREVENTION
- Primary prevention
- Secondary prevention
- Tertiary prevention
Refers to activities focused on health risk profiling of asymptomatic persons and appropriate use of screening test, followed by therapeutic interventions and rehabilitation when indicated.
Disease prevention
2 Types of primary prevention
- Health promotion
2. Specific prevention
Any combination of health education and related organizational, political and economic interventions designed to facilitate behavioral and environmental adaptations that will improve or protect health.
Health promotion
Health protection examples
- Lectures on lifestyle modifications to avoid hypertension and diabetes.
- Campaign on clean environment
Specific protection examples
Hygiene and proper protective equipment
Prevention that Starts with Early diagnosis and Prompt Treatment
Secondary prevention
Example of secondary prevention
Screening and diagnostic or confirmatory test; medications and dietary modifications as part of therapy.
Prevention that vows To maintain the remaining functional capacity
Tertiary prevention
Example of tertiary prevention
Rehabilitation of Stroke patient.
FAMILY WELLNESS AND HEALTH CONCIOUSNESS PROGRAM ( ADVANTAGES)
- For fam to know about health issues
- Very young are in good health
- Adolescent are not involved in adultescent problems
- Young families have embraced responsible parenthood
- All members have ceased from indulging of vices
- Family practice health maintenance
- Family consult with physician at early stage of illness
- Members support each other
5 GUIDING PRINCIPLES ON DEALING WITH THE FAMILY
- Physician-patient relationship is a triad
- Physician can mobilize family as therapeutic ally
- If not careful the ally can be an adversary
- Physician must explore family issues
- Physician must be holistic in the patient and family
Is a process which encompasses diagnostic, preventive, curative and rehabilitative approach for the whole family.
FAMILY HEALTH CARE PLAN
4 COMPONENTS OF FAMILY HEALTH CARE
A. Diagnostic
B. Preventive
C. Curative
D. Rehabilitative
includes the various laboratory and ancillary procedures in the management of the patient and their family
Diagnostic
test for symptomatic individuals to confirm
if the individual is indeed positive of the disease
Confirmatory tests
includes health promotion and maintenance for each
family member.
Preventive
includes the pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic
management of the patient’s illness as well as that of their family.
Curative
includes various exercises and rehabilitation
measures.
Rehabilitative
is the process of generating and sustaining the active and coordinated participation of all sectors at various levels to facilitate improvement of a certain group.
Social mobilization
5 health belief models
- Perceived severity
- perceived threat
- perceived benefits
- perceived barriers
- Self efficacy
belief that the health problem is serious
Perceived severity
the belief that one is susceptible to the problem
Perceived threat
the belief that changing one’s behavior will reduce the threat
Perceived benefit
a perception of the obstacles to changing one’s behavior
Perceived barriers
the belief that one has the ability to change one’s behavior
Self efficacy
STAGES OF CHANGE OR TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL
- Pre contemplation
- Contemplation
- Decision
- Action
- Maintenance
- Termination
not thinking about changing behavior
Pre contemplation
thinking about changing behavior in the near future
contemplation
making a plan to change behavior
Decision
implementing the plan to change behavior
Action
continuation of behavior change
Maintenance
one has zero chances of having relapse
Termination
either positive or negative consequences of a behavior
Reinforcement
in order for a change to take place, one must learn what to do to change and how to do it
Behavior capability
the value one places on the expected result
Expectancies
belief in one’s ability to successfully change one’s behavior. It is connected with another construct called “outcome expectations
Self-efficacy
the dynamic relationship between the individual and the environment
Reciprocal determinism
3 types of SOCIAL NETWORKS/ SOCIAL SUPPORT THEORIES
- Structural
- Interactional
- Functional
size (number of people) and density (extent to which members really know one another);
structural
include reciprocity (mutual sharing), durability (length of time in relationship), intensity (frequency of interactions between members), and dispersion (ease with which members can contact each other);
interactional
providing social support, connections to social contacts and resources, and maintenance of social identity
Functional
FOUR KINDS OF SUPPORTIVE BEHAVIORS OR ACTS:
- Emotional support
- Instrumental support
- Informational support
- Appraisal support
Support by listening, showing trust and concern;
emotional support
Support by offering real aid in the form of labor, money, time;
instrumental support
Support by providing advice, suggestions, directives, referrals;
informational support
Support by affirming each other and giving feedback.
appraisal support
4 Individual patient assessment and health care plan
A. History
B. Physical exam
C. Risk Factors
D. Assessment
2 types of Recommended Screening or Diagnostic Test
Management
A. Non pharmacologic
B. Pharmacologic
Example of Non Pharmacologic
Counseling and Education
Example of Pharmacologic
anti-TB meds; HTIG inj.; Insulin inj.
usual signs and symptoms of Past medical histories
- Cerebrovascular disease
- Cardiovascular
- Pulmonary
- Renal
Usual disorders in Family history
DM II, CAD,BA
Genetic disorders
Usual personal and social history
Alcohol or smoking
Usual Sexual Function and Behavior
STD and sexual practices
Unwanted pregnancies
Usual Nutrition and Physical Activity
Food intake Cholesterol or carbohydrate.
Exercise and frequency
usual Occupational Hazards
Exposure to chemicals or mechanical hazards.
usual Physical Functioning
Visual and audio functions.
Physical examination
- Vital signs
- System examinations
- Physical examination
6 Types of vital signs
Weight and Height, BP, RR, CR, Temperature
7 Types of Systems Examination
Skin, HEENT, Chest, Cardiac, Abdomen,
Reproductive system and Extremities
Physical examination for high risk patients
- Complete Skin Exam
- Complete Oral Cavity
- Palpation of Thyroid Nodules
- Auscultation for Bruits
- Rectal Prostate Exam
6 types of general laboratory test
CBC, FBS, Total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol
Urinalysis, Fecalysis
3 types of specific laboratory test
Pap Smear
Mammogram
Colon cancer screening
6 Types of STD tests
- VDRL for syphilis
- Chlamydia testing
- Gonorrhea culture
- Urinalysis
- Tuberculin Skin test
- Electrocardiogram
2 types of laboratory assessment for High Risk groups
- Fasting Blood sugar (FBS)
2. Chest X ray
Test for obese men and women over 40 years old,
patients with strong family history of disease,
or lifestyle.
FBS test
SCREENING PROCEDURES
As recommended by PHEX (Periodic Heath Examination)
•General guidelines Family Medicine
•Filipino Guidelines for Screening (most recommended)
•USA Preventive Screening
•Canadian Preventive Recommendations
•Recommendations from specialties
OTHER RECOMMENDED SCREENING PROCEDURES IF NEEDED ( ON HIGH RISK INDIVIDUALS
Screen for Breast CA •Screen for CA of cervix •Screening for Hypercholesterolemia •Screening for Hypertension •Screening for Obesity •Screening for Hearing or visual •Screening for TB
COUNSELING INTERVENTIONS YOU CAN USE BASED ON PATIENTS NEEDS
Counseling on Tobacco •Counseling on Healthy Diet •Counseling to Promote Physical Activity •Counseling to Prevent injuries •Counseling on Dental Health •Counseling on Sexual Behavior •Counseling on Alcohol use •Counseling on Osteoporosis and hormone
3 Recommended vaccines
- Annual Influenza
- Pneumococcal
- Tetanus-diptheria
