Gender and deviant subcultures Flashcards
What does Campbell say about gender and youth deviance?
Delinquent boys
- The state (government) has unleashed extreme forms of masculinity
- Legitimate means to achieve masculinity has been denied
- Deviance allows boys to express their masculinity
What does Messerschmidt say abouty gender and youth deviance?
Delinquent boys
- Gangs allow young boys to ‘do masculinity’ (accomplish and prove their masuclinity
What does Connell say about gender and youth deviance?
Delinquent boys
- He blames society as the main reason for male deviance
What does Miller say about gender and youth deviance?
Delinquent boys
- W/C boys have been socialised into distinctive norms and values that are associated with delinquency
What does A. Cohen say about gender and youth deviance?
Delinquent boys
- Society all learns the same norms and values (value consensus)
- W/C boys are less likely to achieve at school due to cultural deprivation
- Therefore, they form deviant subcultures as they do not achieve the status they crave (status frustration)
What does Heidensohn say about gender and youth deviance?
Deviant girls
- There are lower levels of female deviance due to social control implimented on females
- View engaging in criminality and being deviant as ‘double deviance’, and going against femininity
What does Lees say about gender and youth deviance?
Deviant girls
- Girls are controlled by the family, the idea that their place is in the domestic sphere and the fear of being out after dark
What does Klein say about gender and youth deviance?
Deviant girls
- Female gang members commit equally violent acts as their male counterparts
- Challenges other research about girls being less ibvolved in crime and deviance
What does Harding say about gender and youth deviance?
Deviant girls
- Girls in gangs use their social skills to carve out a role
- Girls are not leaders but instead are ‘fixers’ (hide weapons, trade information)
What do Archer and Yamashita say about gender and youth deviance?
Anti-school subcultures
-Studied boys within inner London
- Boys were attached to the ‘bad boy’ image- ‘hyper-sexuality’
- Many felt unsafe in their local area and turned to gang membership as a means of protection and backup
What does Mac an Ghaill say about gender and youth deviance?
Anti-school subcultures
- The macho lads value the 3 F’s (football, fighting, fing)
- Demonstrate extreme ‘macho behaviour’ and form anti-school subcultures
What does Blackman say about gender and youth deviance?
Anti-school subcultures
- New wave girls were an academic, resistant youth subculture
- Resistance of their gender and the expectations surroudning their gender
- Resisted school regimes but valued education
What does Jackson say about gender and youth deviance?
Anti-school subcultures
- ‘Ladishness’ was a common feature in both boys and girls
- It was cool to be clever but uncool to work hard in school
- Ladette culture included smoking, swearing and being loud
