Gender and Development

Question 1

Gender equality results in 3 things, meaning society gains

Answer 1

1. Economic growth
2. Poverty reduction
3. Effective governance

Question 2

Gender

Answer 2

socially constructed roles and socially learned behaviors and expectations closely associated with males and females

Question 3

Gender Equality

Answer 3

equality through access to rights, resources, and voice

Question 4

The three aspects of gender equality

Answer 4

Rights, Resources, Voice

Question 5

The Rights Aspect of Gender Equality

Answer 5

That women have the same legal status as men

As of present, no region n has equality in terms of rights

Question 6

The Resources aspect of gender equality

Answer 6

Women receive the same rewards for labor and access to human capital
Realistically, women are systematically poorer in terms of productive resources

Question 7

The voice aspect of gender equality

Answer 7

Ability to influence and contribute to the development process
Limited right and resources contributes to less influence in decisions

Question 8

The Gender Development Index

Answer 8

The GDI simply uses the 3 HD components and 4 indicators of HDI to create a HDI number for males and females. These two separate ranks come together to form the GDI

Question 9

The Three Dimensions of Gender Inequality

Answer 9

Reproductive Health, Empowerment, Labor Market

Question 10

The Five Indicators of GII

Answer 10

Maternal mortality, adolescent fertility, educational attainment (secondary and above), parliamentary representation, labor force participation

Question 11

The two harms of gender inequality

Answer 11

1. Less well-being of women and their families. Inequality generates
   For women: higher mortality, greater poverty
   For children: lower quality of care
   For men: higher mortality
2. Weakened development process and productivity. Inequality generates
   Hinders productivity, efficiency, and progress
   Minimizes possible accumulation of human capital

Question 12

Persisting inequalities are embodied in three primary places

Answer 12

institutions, household decisions, and economic policy

Question 13

The household has two basic functions

Answer 13

Earning a living for survival

Raising and preparing children

Question 14

Gender roles influence the division of three primary things

Answer 14

division of resources, tasks, time

Question 15

The invisible heart

Answer 15

a force of compassion and reciprocity that influences the provision of care.
Women primarily take care of the house, but receive no formal compensation for this work and generally no recognition outside the family
The work that occurs in taking care of a family inside the home does not enter into economic data or policymakers’ decisions

Question 16

Bargaining Power in the House

Answer 16

the relative ability of A and B in a hour to influence one another

Question 17

Bargaining Power in the House is influenced by 5 factors

Answer 17

1. assets
2. income
3. legal rights
4. available opportunities
5. human capital

Question 18

Power to Outcomes (3 outcomes)

Answer 18

consumption patters, children’s well-being, women’s empowerment and investment in human capital

Question 19

Trade openness, technological change, and access to information have the potential to reduce inequality for three reasons

Answer 19

1. Improving access to economic opportunities: growth in export and ICT have reduced the need for strength while increasing demand for cognitive skills
2. Increasing incentives for action: inequality is increasingly costly in an integrated world, both due to stigma against inequality and the opportunity cost of choosing inequality. There is more profit for development in gender equality
3. Shifting gender norms and roles: more information, more changes in perceptions, and more likely to adopt egalitarian rules, even though the household is still key to gender roles