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Sexual Psychology > Gender, Anatomy and Media > Flashcards

Gender, Anatomy and Media Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is vaseline a bad lubricant for sexual intercourse?

A

-dissolves condoms -can cause infections

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2
Q

Can a female get pregnant during her period?

A

Yes.

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3
Q

What is the most underreported crime?

A

Rape/ sexual assult

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4
Q

What two cancers appear in men and women in almost the same, accelerating rates in the U.S?

A

-prostate cancer–1/6 of men - breast cancer –1/8 of women

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5
Q

What is the Elizabeth Hurly Syndrome?

A

When birth control gets ineffective due to antibiotic use

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6
Q

Is testicular cancer a cancer of the young or old?

A

cancer of the young -prostate cancer is the cancer of the old.

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7
Q

How many percent of men that consider themselves heterosexual have had a homoerotic experience to point of orgasm?

A

-at least 25%

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8
Q

How many percent of women that consider themselves heterosexual have had a homoerotic experience to point of orgasm?

A

-20%

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9
Q

Does a male have to have an orgasm for the female to get pregnant?

A

No

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10
Q

How long until someone will usually test positive for HIV?

A

6 months

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11
Q

A majority of sexual crimes against children are committed by adults that are ——– or ——– of the child victim.

A

-friends, relatives

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12
Q

Does a female need to have an orgasm to get pregnant?

A

No

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13
Q

What two drugs might cause a birth control effect in women and impotence in men?

A

Alcohol Marajuana

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14
Q

The most popular method of birth control among married couples is………..

A

Sterilization Vasectomy tube tying

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15
Q

What is the most common sexually transmitted disease among college students?

A

Chlamydia 80% of women are asymptomatic scratches fallopian tubes

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16
Q

Fertilization of the egg begins in……

A

the Fallopian tube

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17
Q

Most women experience more/less benefits than negative health benefits.

A

more

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18
Q

Are nocturnal emissions( wet dreams) an indication of sexual problems?

A

No

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19
Q

The greatest increase of people testing positive for HIV since 1990 are ……..

A

young peole,minorities and women

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20
Q

How does Thomas Kuhn define a paradigm?

A

set of beliefs, underlying assumptions, values and techniques shared by a particular community of scientists. a world view

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21
Q

What is Kuhn’s view on ‘pure fact in science’?

A

-facts only exist within the context of the current paradigm

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22
Q

Ralph Rosnow traced history of experimentalism as a dominant paradigm in social psychology. What is experimentalism?

A

tightly controlled laboratory experiments is the best way to get “ good” facts on peoples social behaviour.

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23
Q

According to Ralph Rosnow what is wrong with experimentalism?

A

experimenter and observer bias may lead scientists to collecting poor data or data only supporting their own bias.

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24
Q

What do feminists say has been the basis of the paradigms of psychology?

A

androcetricism- focus on males from a male perspective

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25
Q

What is the goal of feminism?

A

To have a world that revolves around males and females jointly.

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26
Q

What is the problem with Traditional or androcentic psychology according to Kuhn?

A

The definition of gender based personalities (–Masculinity/ Femininity–) being essential to mental health

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27
Q

What new research topics were created by the feminist paragism?

A

rape,wife-battering,sexual harassment of women at work, how different ethnic groups define gender roles, sexism in psychotherapy

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28
Q

How many species are mentioned in the article Birds Do It, Bonobos Do It?

A

-450 species

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29
Q

What behaviour the the author of Bids Do it, Bonobos Do it, Marlene Zuk, define as ‘unnatural’?

A

marriage

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30
Q

What were some responses Zuk gave to those who claim sex is solely about resproduction?

A

There are other reasons, she lists -Dominance -Pleasure -Solving problems

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31
Q

How does the biopsychosocial orientation relate to the study of sex?

A

Everything we learn and the ways we choose to view what learn relate directly to our views on Sexuality.

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32
Q

Mass- media portrayals of sexuality are to ………. & ………..

A

entertain and exploit

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33
Q

What does the media tend to omit about sexual behaviors?

A

risks & responsibilities

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34
Q

Define the biopsychosocial orientation of Psychology?

A

how motivations, emotions and attitudes, social learning and biological factors affect how we see ourselves, life and how we are modeled into who we are.

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35
Q

How does the biopsychosocial orientation relate to the study of sex?

A

Everything we learn and the ways we choose to view what learn relate directly to our views on Sexuality.

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36
Q

Define a norm

A

current average, what most people are involved in.

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37
Q

What is ‘normal’?

A

the continuum of what a society accepts as ‘healthy’

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38
Q

Define OSA.

A

online sexual activity

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39
Q

Define cybersex.

A

real time talk involving two people engaged in sex talk for purpose of sexual pleasure

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40
Q

List the Triple- A- Engine of cybersex.

A

Access Affordability Anonymity

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41
Q

define sexual interest

A

innate pleasure/inclination to act sexually

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42
Q

How do the Hindus view sexuality?

A

form of achieving highest state of spirtuality

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43
Q

What is the Judeo- Christian view on religion?

A

-solely for reproduction - angelic females demonic men -men have the sexual experience while females don’t

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44
Q

Define sexual orientation

A

the sex of the person I am physically and romantically attracted to. Can change over life.

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45
Q

What is Sex based on?

A
  • genetalia -chromosomes -hormones
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46
Q

What is a hermaphrodite?

A

someone born with mixed genitalia

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47
Q

Can someone be born chromosomal male but anatomically female? What is this called?

A

Yes, AIS- Androgen Insensitivity syndrome

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48
Q

What is Gender?

A

socially constructed commands/ messages given on how I should look, feel,act, behave,believe ect based on If I am female or male.

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49
Q

Bisexual, homosexual, heterosexual and asexual are all different types of ——— ———.

A

sexual oreintations

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50
Q

How do the Mangarians view sexuality?

A

high sexual desire during adolescence only boys instructed in girl pleasing girls instructed in being orgasmic

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51
Q

The Dani viewed sexuality….

A

unimportant to life. reproduction sole reason for sexual desire, no belief in female orgasm, both mother and father abstain from sexual activity for 5 years after birth.

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52
Q

What did the Victorian Americans believe about sexuality?

A
  • it was a disorder for a female to be anything besides asexual or experienced with Sexual behavior - female’s had only “reproductive desire”( angelic women) -men were to be raving sexual (demonic men)
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53
Q

What was the Ancient Greeks view on Sexuality?

A

Relationships between same sex between men was highest form of love male- female relationships were solely for reproduction

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54
Q

How do the Sambians view sexuality?

A

Solely male relationships in childhood gowing into men by ingestion of semen In adolescence would be be throned to a female and have both male and female relations When women matured the boy would cut off his relations with men

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55
Q

define transsexual

A

a person who has appearance and behaviors that do not conform to the gender role ascribed to their particular sex Report sexual arousal from cross dressing

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56
Q

Define transgender

A

a person who has appearance and behaviors that do not conform to the gender role ascribed to their particular sex often cross dress to obtain personal gratification

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57
Q

Define transvestism

A

wearing the clothes of or passing as a member of the other sex

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58
Q

define two- spirit

A

in many cultures when a male assumes female dress, gender role, and status

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59
Q

What is the problem with using terms like “natural” and “unnatural” ?

A

such words are value judgements and lead to close-mindedness.

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60
Q

list the 5 ways of defining normal

A

-statistic -idealistic -cultural -clinical -subjective

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61
Q

What are the 11 rights in the Declaration of Sexual Rights by the World Association of Sexology(WAS) General Assembly in 1999?

A

1- Sexual freedom minus sexual coercion, exploitation and abuse 2-right sexual autonomy,sexual integrity,and safety of the sexual body 3-rights to sexual privacy 4-right to sexual equity 5-right to sexual pleasure including autoeroticism(mastrubation) 6- right to emotional sexual expression 7-right to sexually associate freely 8- right to make free and responsible reproductive choices 9- right to sexual information based upon scientific inquiry 10-right to comprehensive sexual education 11-right to sexual healthcare

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62
Q

Define sexual variety

A

continuam of what is defined as typical sexual behavior

63
Q

What causes doubt?

A

open mindeness and being able to change paragisms

64
Q

What does Droit Du Seigneur mean and how does it show how paradigms change?

A
  • the right of the lord that before a serf got married the lord gets to sleep with the bride to be first
65
Q

What do the Zuni believe about gender?

A

That gender is socially aquired

66
Q

Define coercion

A

force to do something (physical, verbal or psychological)

67
Q

Television helps shape our sexual perceptions and behaviors though

A

reinforcing its version, or bias, of social norms and sterotypes

68
Q

Science evaluates sexual behavior

A

by if it is harmful to self or others

69
Q

mass media’s use for sexuality is to ………… the audiance

A

entertain and titulate

70
Q

Define what ‘natural’ sexual behavior means

A

cultural norm for sexual behavior in society

71
Q

Define a value judgement

A

A statement that clearly comes from someones own bias without having sufficent evidence for my conclusions

72
Q

Define an objective statement

A

Statements that can be proven or disproven with evidence on how things actually are

73
Q

Define bias

A

personal leaning or inclination

74
Q

Define steriotype

A

set of simplistic, rigidity held,overgeneralized beliefs about an individual, a group of people, an idea and so on.

75
Q

Tuskegee Experiment ethical violations

A

ethical violations- failure to treat people who needed to be treated -not giving informed consent to the participants about what they were to go though

76
Q

An error in reasoning is called a …..

A

fallacy

77
Q

Define the egocentric fallacy

A

mistaken belief that our own personal experience and values generally are held by others

78
Q

Define the ethnocentric fallacy

A

mistaken belief that our own ethnic group, nation, culture is innately superior to others

79
Q

How long did the Tuskegee Experiment last? What was the continued effect of the experiment?

A

40 years mistrust of doctors and medical system by African American community

80
Q

How was the Tuskegee Experiment discoverd to be unethical?

A

a doctor spoke out, when not recognized by the medical community he went to the press.

81
Q

Define plethysmograph

A

device attached to genitals to measure psychological response

82
Q

The first to argue that both masturbation, female sexuality were normal behaviors and that homosexuality was solely a deviance from the norm and was in born was…….

A

Havelock Ellis

83
Q

What did Alfred Kinsey discover in his comprehensive study?

A

-sexual orientation can change over time - mastrubation helps women become orgasmic, harmless and not a substitute for sexual intercourse We are innaccrate reporters of our own sexual actions

84
Q

Masters & Johnston

A

-male vs. female sexual responses are physicolocally -clitorial stimulation is all that is needed for the female orgasm -behavioral therapy needs only a few weeks to treat sexual dsyfunction

85
Q

What new ideas came out the feminist paradigm shift?

A

-rape -sexual abuse -ponography -sex, power -gender,power

86
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

-took religious teaching and make it into scientific methodology -believed women had immature superegos therefore had no consciousness

87
Q

Ellen Hooker

A

(1957)proved that there were no personality differences between homosexuals and heterosexuals. 16 years later homosexuality was taken out of the DSM

88
Q

define acculturation

A

adapting to the new culture

89
Q

What determines the sexual behavior in the Latino community?

A

degree of acculturation and socioeconomic status

90
Q

Asian American sexual behaviours

A

Confucius based stuff like food binding, women being a slave to the man, women is for having babies

91
Q

generalizations about the sexual behaviors of African Americans

A

behaviors more tied to economic class than the fact they are African americans

92
Q

What were the most common assumptions of 19th century medical researchers about homosexuality?

A

Morality was disquised as science

93
Q

anatomically speaking what are all embryos for the first 5 weeks?

A

Female

94
Q

Clitois in females is the —— in males.

A

Penis

95
Q

Job of the clitoris?

A

sexual arousal

96
Q

female labia majora is —— in males. Overy equivalent in males is the ——–

A

scrotum, testies

97
Q

What makes up the vulva?

A

mons pubis clioris labia majora labia minora

98
Q

internal female reproductive and sexual stucture

A

vagina uterus cervix overies fallopian tubes

99
Q

2 reproductive functions of vagina

A

birth canal allows Menstral flow to pass

100
Q

Increased vaginal lubrication during sexual arousal is for…….

A

increased possibility of conception reduces tension in vaginal walls

101
Q

how many oocytes does a female have at birth?

A

1/2 million

102
Q

About how many oocytes will mature and be realesed during a females life time?

A

about 400

103
Q

mammory gland is another term for

A

brests

104
Q

what hormone is important for both male and female libido?

A

testosterone

105
Q

What causes cervical cancer?

A

the HPV virus might not show for up to 5 years

106
Q

How long does a mature oocyte last before leaving body?

A

24 hrs

107
Q

How long do sperm last in female body( how long can they wait to fertilize the egg)

A

5 days

108
Q

menstral synchrony is caused by…

A

pheromones

109
Q

Dsymenorea

A

painful periods from to many progestrones

110
Q

amenorea

A

don’t get periods often associated with anorexia(underweight) hormones out of sync

111
Q

list the sexual response cycle

A

1- Excitement( in women takes longer) 2- Plateau 3- orgasm 4-resolution ( in men a refractory period

112
Q

Why do people fake orgasms?

A
  • to get it over with -not deflate ego of partner
113
Q

What is oxytocin?

A

The “ bonding/ love” hormone Can be realased from good sex– Why hugging is common after sex

114
Q

How big is the average vagina?

A

4-6 inches flacid 5-7 inches aroused

115
Q

What is the point Gloria Steinem making in “ If Men could Menstrate”?

A

That if men in our current paradigm got the ability to menstrate they would boost about it and mensus envy would exist.

116
Q

Why is there a need for PMS according to the handout from Half The Human Experience by Hyde?

A

Gives Women to express the one emotion they are not allowed to express which is Anger.

117
Q

What do women have to be angry about according to Hyde?

A

low-status jobs,unequal pay for equal work, and battering

118
Q

When did the concept of PMS become popular?

A

in the beginning of the 1980’s while the feminine movement was urging women to discover their anger

119
Q

According to Hyde, Why is the PMS attribution a self-fulfilling prophecy?

A

Women ignore the negative emotions they have during all other times of the month or brush them off as just a bad day or angry at someone or something that’s happened, classifying only the emotions during PMS cycle as normal to her gender role.

120
Q

How is Premenstrual Dysphoic Disorder(PMDD) similar to PMS?

A

involves being depressed before the start of mensus. Which can be a symptom for women during PMS.

121
Q

Why is PMDD degrading and harmful to women?

A

-custody of children may be impacted due to the mother having a ‘psychiatric’ problems. -medical psycians falling to diagnose pelvic problems from STDS –has no scientific backing to it -should be treated like normal depression

122
Q

What are the external male sexual structures?

A

Scrotum Penis

123
Q

What are the 3 sections of the penis

A

The root, the shaft, the head(glans penis)

124
Q

What are the cowper’s glands for?

A

create lubrication, better environment for sperm

125
Q

How long does it take for sperms to mature?

A

90 days

126
Q

What mental disorders are more common in the ofspring of men 40 years or older?

A

Autism Schizophrenia

127
Q

Sperm make up what % of semen?

A

1% of semen

128
Q

What path ways do Sperm follow out of the male body?

A

they go into the seminiferous tubles into the epidymis into the vans deferance

129
Q

Vasectomy

A

Happens by cutting the vans deferance can be reversable

130
Q

Tubal Ligation

A

cuting fallopian tubes and tieing them off Not reversible

131
Q

Phallic phallacy

A

the theory defined and disproven by Masters and Johnston that the penis must be as big as possible.

132
Q

According to Freud who has penis envy? According to current knowledge?

A

Freud’s lie: Women have penis envy Current Knowledge:men have penis envy due to social values

133
Q

Define Koro

A

penis is being absorbed into body (in Asian countries)\

134
Q

define caustration

A

removing of the testies

135
Q

Where does Semen come from?

A

Seminal vesicles(70%) prostate (30%)

136
Q

How many sperm come out in each ejaculation?

A

200- 600 million

137
Q

How many mange to make it to the Fallopian tube?

A

1000 sperm

138
Q

define retrograde ejaculation

A

ejaculating back into the bladder

139
Q

What are Kegel exercises?

A

exercises of loosening then tightening genital muscles

140
Q

What is the average size of a penis falccid?

A

3 inches

141
Q

What does the exclusive view of Gender believe?

A

the interplanetary view, “men are from Mars, Women are from Venus, emphasizes the differences between genders

142
Q

What is the inclusive view of gender?

A

The overlapping curves, emphasizes on the simulates between the genders.

143
Q

By what age do children Know what gender is( not neccarly what it’s based on)?

A

Age 2

144
Q

What is the cognitive social learning theory?

A

learning through rewards and puinishments

145
Q

What are social role scripts?

A

the acts, rules,and expectations associated with a particular role

146
Q

Why according to Gloria Stienam do we have a violent society?

A

Because we have violent families

147
Q

Label part of this diagram of the female reproductive system

A
148
Q

Label the parts

A
149
Q

Label the parts

A
150
Q

Label the parts of the male reproductive system

A
151
Q

Label the parts

A
152
Q

Label the parts of the inside of the penis

A
153
Q

Label the parts of the cross section of the testicle

A

Sexual Psychology (3 decks)

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