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Psychology 2020 Mocks > Gender > Flashcards

Gender Flashcards

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1
Q

Rubin baby study

A

Parents described their babies differently depending on gender

Boys: alert, strong
Girls: soft, delicate

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2
Q

Seavey baby study

A

Unidentifiable baby
Different conditions were told different genders of the same babe

  • girl: participants were more likely to play with dolls
  • male: participants were more likely to play with a plastic ring
  • no gender: female participants interacted more than males- almost all spontaneously decided a gender for it- justifying by perceptions in physique
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3
Q

Androgyny

A

Displaying equal balance of male and female characteristics

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4
Q

Ben sex role inventory

A

First systematic attempt to measure androgyny using a rating of 60 traits

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5
Q

Nanne van de poll study testosterone

A

When women were injected with testosterone, showed more signs of physical and sexual aggression

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6
Q

Oxytocin

A

Produced more by women particular after giving birth

Stimulates lactation so mother’s can breastfeed

Reduces stress

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7
Q

David Reimer case study

A

One twin was left without a penis after a failed operation

They were raised as female

Had trouble fitting it

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8
Q

Dabbs prison study

Testosterone

A

Offenders with higher testosterone were more likely to commit violent or sexually motivated crimes

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9
Q

Van goozen

Transgender study

A

Transgender patients undergoing hormone treatment

M->F decrease aggression and visuospatial skills

Vice versa

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10
Q

Tricker double blind study

A

43 males injection of extra testosterone or placebo

No significant differences in aggression

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11
Q

Kilnefelters syndrome

(X)XY

A

Biological males

  • reduced body hair
  • breast development
  • softened body contours
  • longer limbs
  • underdeveloped genitals
  • problems with coordination
  • poorly developed language skills + reading ability
  • passive, shy
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12
Q

Turner’s syndrome

X(O)

A
  • no menstral cycle
  • ovaries fail to develop
  • dont develop breasts
  • low set ears
  • physically immature
  • webbed neck
  • higher than average reading ability
  • lower spatial awareness and memory
  • socially immature
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13
Q

Herlihy

Australian study turner’s syndrome

A

Being treated at a young age had significant benefits compared to those treated in adulthood

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14
Q

Kohlberg’s theory of development

List order

A
  • gender identity
  • gender stability
  • gender consistency
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15
Q

Kohlberg’s theory of development

List order

A
  • gender identity
  • gender stability
  • gender consistency
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16
Q

Gender identity

Age 2

A

Correctly identify themselves as boy or girl

Age 3- can identify others

Do not see gender as permanent

17
Q

Gender stability

Age 4

A

-about themselves but not others

Confused if external appearance changes to not fit ‘boy’ or ‘girl’

18
Q

Gender consistency

Age 6

A

Recognise gender is permanent and no longer fooled by outward appearance

19
Q

Bussey and bandura

A

Children as young as four ‘feel good’ playing with gender appropriate toys and ‘feel bad’ playing with toys that don’t

20
Q

Slaby and Frey

Split screen

A

Same action carried out by different genders

Children with high constancy spent more time watching same sex model

21
Q

Freuds theory

Boys with harsh fathers and a stronger sense of gender identity

A

Blakemore and hill found the opposite

22
Q

Golombok

A

Children of single parent families did not differ their views on gender identity

(Criticises Freud’s theory)

23
Q

Gender schema theory

A

Beliefs and ideologies on gender are based in experiences

24
Q

Martin and Halverson

Memory

A

Children under 6
More likely to remember photographs containing gender consistent behaviour

Children tended to change the sex of the person carrying out gender inconsistencies when asked to recall

25
Q

Furnham and fareagher

A

Sex role stereotypes in advertising
Men- power roles, voice overs suggest dominance
Women- domestic settings

26
Q

McGhee and frueh

A

People who watch more TV displayed more gender stereotypical views in behaviour and attitudes

27
Q

Media evaluation

A

Difficult to establish cause and effect

Control groups are hard as most children are exposed to media

28
Q

Williams and best

A

30 different nations
Adjective checklist

Across countries men were seen as more dominant and aggressive

Women nurturing

Eval-
Male or female, very distinct answers allows great division and likely exaggeration

Psychology 2020 Mocks (3 decks)

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