Gender Flashcards
The social process of learning how to act as a boy or giril
Gender socialization
Feminist Theory
This sociological theory focuses on the inequalities between men and women
Gender roles
The set of activities and behaviors commonly expected of boys/girls by society are called
Sex
This term refers to a person’s external genitalia and internal reproductive organs
Functionalism
Functionalism
This asserts that the division of labor between men and women historically benefitted society
Second Wave Feminism
Wave of feminist theory began in the 1960s; focused on women’s inequality in society
First wave Feminism
Wave of feminism began at the turn of the century and focused on political rights and suffrage
Multiculturalism
Concept is at odds with feminism because it accepts cultural practices that marginalize and hurt women
Heterosexism
System of attitude, bias, and discrimination that favor male-female sexuality and relationships
Intersectionality
The idea that various forms of oppression-like racism, classism, and sexism- are interrelated
Symbolic interactionism
Perspective focuses on gender socialization and how society transfer how boy/girls should behave
Misogyny
Dislike of contempt for or ingrained prejudice against women is called
Misogyny
Dislike of contempt for or ingrained prejudice against women is called
Patriarchy
Concept that women have been systematically oppressed and that men have been dominant in society
Conflict perspective
Perspective in sociology says it is to men’s adv to prevent women from gaining politics and soc resources
Pink collar jobs
Women dominate jobs that purpose is to support those higher up the occupational ladder
Pink collar jobs
Women dominate jobs that purpose is to support those higher up the occupational ladder
Pink collar jobs
Women dominate jobs that purpose is to support those higher up the occupational ladder
Pink collar jobs
Women dominate jobs that purpose is to support those higher up the occupational ladder
Occupational sex Segregation
Women concentrated in lower status occupations is called
Sexism
A set belief, attitudes, norm, and values us to justify sexual inequality is called
Intersex
Person is born with a reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn’t fit the definition of male/female
Assigned gender
The determination of an infant’s sex at birth is their
Gender identity
Person’s innermost core concept of self which can include boy/man, a blend of both or neither
Gender Spectrum
Continuum of gender that rec. the diversity of those who do not fit into the gender bi choices
Affirmed gender
An individual’ gender self-identification, rather than their assigned gender
Gender binary
System that constructs gender according to 2 opposite categories: boy/man, girl/women
Cisgender
People whose gender identity aligns with their assigned sex at birth
Transgender
Term to describe anyone whose gender identity differs from their assigned birth sex
Gender expression
This is our “public” gender; how one presents themselves to the world
Sex
The biological characteristics with which we are born
Gender
Learned attitudes and behaviors that characterize women and men
Gender identity
A perception of oneself as either masculine or feminie
Gender roles
The characteristics, attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that society expects of females and males
Gender stereotypes
expectations about how people will look, act, think, and feel based on sex
Sexism
an attitude or behavior that discriminates against one sex, usually females, based on the assumed superiority of the other sex
Gender Stratification
People’s unequal access to wealth, power, status, prestige, and other valued resources because of their sex
Gender pay gap
The overall income difference between women and men in the workplace (also called the wage gap, pay gap and gender wage gap)
Sexual harassment
Any unwanted sexual advance, request for sexual favors or other conduct of a sexual nature that makes a person uncomfortable and interferes with her or his work
Sexual identity
our awareness of ourselves as male or female and the way that we express our sexual values, attitudes, feelings, and beliefs.
Sexual orientation
A preference for sexual partners of the same sex, of the opposite sex, of both sexes, or neither sex
homosexuals
those who are sexually attracted to people of the same sex
heterosexuals
those who are sexually attracted to people of the opposite sex
bisexuals
those who are sexually attracted to members of both sexes
asexuals
those who lack any interest in or desire for sex
trangendered
people who are transsexuals, intersexuals, or transvesities
sexual script
specifies the formal or informal norms for legitimate or unacceptable sexual activity, which individuals are eligible sexual partners and the boundaries of sexual behavior
transexuals
Are people born with one biological sex but choose to live their life as another sex- either by consistently cross-dressing or by having their sex surgically altered
transvestites
are people who cross-dress at times but don’t necessarily consider themselves a member or the other sex
Heterosexism
the belief that heterosexuality is superior to and more natural than homosexuality or bisexuality
homophobia
the fear and hatred of homosexuality
abortion
the expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus
Functionalist
Gender roles are complementary and equally important
Agreed-on sexual norms contribute to a society’s order and stability
Conflict
Gender roles give men power to control women’s lives instead of allowing the sexes to be complementary and equally important
Most societies regulate women’s, not men’s, sexual behavior
Feminist
Women’s inequality reflects their historical and current domination by men especially in the workplace
many men use violence
Feminist
Women’s inequality reflects their historical and current domination by men especially in the workplace
many men use violence
Symbolic Interactionist
Gender inequality is a social construction that emerges through day-to-day interactions and reflects people’s gender role expectations
The social construction of sexuality varies across cultures because of societal norms and values
A person who resists gender norms but does not seek to change their sex
Genderqueer
The general expectations and norms about masculinity in North America
Hegemonic Masculinity
learned patterns of behavior that reflect a set of social expectations about men and women
Gender Roles
Gender disadvantage must be considered in relation to other types of vulnerability, such as ethnicity, class, or age
Intersectionality
The theoretical perspectives suggest that socialization and labelling shape gender identities
Symbolic interactiionism
Women’s unpaid housework and caretaking performed in addition to laboring in the paid employment sector
Second shift
The normalization and frequent acceptance of sexual violence
Rape culture
Refers to the idea that factors such as gender are socially created and then acted out
Performativity
