GenChem review plus Naming & Structures

Question 0

Eth

Answer 0

2 C

Question 1

Meth

Answer 1

1 carbon

Question 2

Prop

Answer 2

3 C

Question 3

But

Answer 3

4 C

Question 4

pent

Answer 4

5 C

Question 5

hex

Answer 5

6 C

Question 6

hept

Answer 6

7 C

Question 7

oct

Answer 7

8 C

Question 8

non

Answer 8

9 C

Question 9

dec

Answer 9

10 C

Question 10

Alkanes only have

Answer 10

Carbon and hydrogen atoms (hydrocarbons) single bonds.

Question 11

H replaced by OH=

Answer 11

alcohol

Question 12

H repl by NH2=

Answer 12

amine

Question 13

H repl by halogen

Answer 13

alkyl halide

Question 14

H repl by OR

Answer 14

ether

Question 15

Primary

Answer 15

attached to 1 other carbon

Question 16

secondary

Answer 16

attached to 2 carbons

Question 17

tertiary

Answer 17

attached to 3 carbons

Question 18

iso-

Answer 18

common name.

Have CH w/ two CH₃

Question 19

sec-

Answer 19

secondary carbon is attached to the parent chain

attached to 2 other C

Question 20

ter-

Answer 20

attached to 3 other carbon

Question 21

Atomic #

Answer 21

protons & electrons for a neutral atom

Question 22

mass #

Answer 22

P & N

Question 23

Ionic bond

Answer 23

metal + nonmetal

Question 24

covalent bond

Answer 24

2 nonmetals

Question 25

most organics are (polarity)

Answer 25

bipolar. Part polar part nonpolar

Question 26

Lewis structure shows

Answer 26

lines, 1 dimensional, + lone pairs, formal charge

Question 27

Kekule structure

Answer 27

similar to Lewis structures w/o lone pairs, formal charge

Question 28

Condensed structures

Answer 28

No bonds shown, all elements involved and how they are bonded. NOT a molecular formula

Question 29

Line bond structure

Answer 29

No C or H shown

Question 30

Lewis acid*

Answer 30

e- pair acceptors (e- deficient)

Question 31

Lewis base*

Answer 31

e- pair donors (e- rich)

Question 32

Bronstead-Lowry acid

Answer 32

H+ donor

Question 33

Bronstead-Lowry base

Answer 33

H+ acceptor

Question 34

single bond

Answer 34

σ

Question 35

double bond

Answer 35

σ, π

Question 36

Triple bond

Answer 36

σ, 2π

Question 37

diamagnetic

Answer 37

all e- are paired up

Question 38

paramagnetic

Answer 38

some unpaired e- (anti-bond)

Question 39

Bond order formula

Answer 39

Bonding electrons – antibonding electrons

                               2

Question 40

Formal charge

Answer 40

(# val e-) - (# lone pair e- )

              2

Question 41

2 groups attached

Answer 41

sp hybridized

sp+sp

Question 42

3 groups attached

Answer 42

sp²

sp²+sp²+sp²

Question 43

4 groups attached

Answer 43

sp³

sp³+sp³+sp³+sp³

Question 44

5 groups attached

Answer 44

sp³d¹

Question 45

Conjugate pairs

Answer 45

differ by one H⁺

acids have more than bases

Question 46

K_a

Answer 46

acid dissociation constant

[products]/ [reactants]

inc K_a inc strength

Question 47

P_ka

Answer 47

-log[k_a]

↓pk_a inc acid strength

Question 48

In determining acid/bases ____ predominates over _____

Answer 48

size

EN

Question 49

Strongest acids

Answer 49

HCl

HI

H₂SO₄

HNO₃

HClO₄

Question 50

weak overlap

Answer 50

H⁺easily comes off

Question 51

favorable reactions

Answer 51

strong reactants-> weaker products(stable)

Question 52

Resonance

Answer 52

Creates a weaker base

Question 53

Formal charge for metals

Answer 53

charge -bonds

Question 54

constitutional isomers

Answer 54

same molecular formula, different drawing (diff connectivity)

Question 55

Parent chain

Answer 55

longest C chain

Question 56

Formal naming

Answer 56

IUPAC names.

Longest parent chain, substituents and location

Question 57

substitients

Answer 57

location-name-loc-name parent

written in alphabetical order (sec,tert don’t count)

#locations=#substituents

Question 58

Halogens as substituents

Answer 58

fluoro

chloro

iodo

bromo

Question 59

when naming

OH as substituent

Answer 59

Hydroxy

Question 60

ethers

Answer 60

“alkoxy”

ex: OCH₃=methoxy

Question 61

isopropyl

Answer 61

Y

Question 62

prefixes (di,tri…) used for

Answer 62

more than one same substituent

Question 63

isobutyl

Question 64

alcohols

Answer 64

alkan-ol

OH=hydroxy (lowest #possible)

Question 66

amines

Answer 66

alkan-amine

ex: propanamine

Question 67

Intermolecular forces

Answer 67

dispersion

dipole-dipole

H-bonding

ion-dipole

ion-ion