Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ochem > 5: Alkenes > Flashcards

5: Alkenes Flashcards

1
Q

Alkenes

A

hydrocarbons with a carbon-carbon double bond.

Called unsaturated hydrocarbons cuz they have < the max # of H.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dregree of unsaturation

A

the # of π bonds or rings in a molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Degree of unsaturation formula

A

2(n)+2-#H

2

n=#carbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Alkane general molec formula

A

acyclic: CnH2n+2
cyclic: CnH2n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Alkene general molec formula

A

acyclic: CnH2n
cylcic: CnH2n-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

alkene naming

A

the suffix is “ene” replacing the -ane.

since the double bond is the functional group of an alkene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
A

Cyclopentene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Longest chain w/ functional group is given lowest #

Ex: CH3CH=CHCH2CH2CH3

A

2-hexene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

stereoisomers def

A

isomers that differ in the way their attoms are arranged in space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

stereo isomers named using

A
  • cis:* meaning same (same plane)
  • trans: *meaning different (diff plane)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

compound with two double bonds

A

-diene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cyclic molecules

A

a double bond in a cyclic is always belween C 1 &2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A

trans-1,2-dichloroethene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Naming practice

A

(E)-3-chloro-4-methyl-2-pentene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vinylic carbons

A

the sp2 carbons of an alkene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

allylic carbons

A

attached to an vinylic carbon, is also sp3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

E/Z system

A

for alkenes that do not have a H attached to each of the sp2 carbons

IUPAC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Naming with E/Z

A
  1. break by DB & determine priotities of groups bonded to each of carbons. (priorities depend on atomic #)
  2. Z higher priotities on same side
  3. E higher priorities on opposite sides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

“Z” isomer

A

“zee zame zide” higher priotities on same side

20
Q

“E” isomer

A

high-priority groups on opposite sides

21
Q

if atom is DB

A

treat as if it were single bonded to two atoms

22
Q

if atom is triple bonded

A

treat as if 3 single atoms are there

23
Q

priority with isotopes

A

the isotope with higher mass number has higher priority

24
Q

electrophile

A

electron deficient atom

“electron loving”

spot: inc octet, positive charge, or partial positive, acid

25
Q

nucleophile

A

electron rich.

“likes the nucleus”

Has a pair of electrons it can share.

Spot: complete octet, base

26
Q

neucleophiles react with electrophiles

A

π bonds are weakest in an alkene. break first ( befire σ bonds)

27
Q

electrophilic adition reactions

A

has the addition of an electrophile

28
Q

kinetics

A

describes the rate of chemical rxns

29
Q

Lower energy means

A

more stable species

30
Q

thermodynamics

A

says how much reactants and products are present in a rxn

31
Q

Equilirium constant

A

stable compound has greater concentration

32
Q

Keq>1

A

Products are favored. More stable

33
Q

Gibb’s free energy

A

net sum of all energy in an eqtn

34
Q

exergonic

A

-ΔG products are favored, energy is given off

35
Q

endergonic

A

ΔG, reactants are favored energy is consumed

36
Q

Le Châtelier’s principle

A

if a system is disturbed, it will adjust its concentrations to maintain its eq constant.

37
Q

enthalpy ΔH

A

thermal energy used/given off in an equation

heat realeashed when bonds formed

heat consumed when bonds broken

(heat requ to break bonds)-(Heat released by forming bonds)

38
Q

exotherminc

A

-ΔH bonds formed are stronger

39
Q

endotherminc

A

ΔH bonds formed are weaker than bonds broken

40
Q

Entropy

A

measure of freedom of motion in a system

nature’s disorder or randomness(favored)

41
Q

+ΔS

A

greater freedom of motion

Disorder :)

42
Q

-ΔS

A

less freedom of motion

trying to bring order :(

43
Q

bond dissociation

A

energy required to break a bond

Listed values used to determine ΔH

44
Q

energy diagram

A
45
Q

Kinetics

A

determines how fast a rxn will occur and factors affecting it

Ochem (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions