Gen Peds Flashcards
When do you switch from rear seat to fwd seat to booster ?
Rear until
- 10 kg + 1 y.o. + walking
Fwd between 10-22kg
Booster until min. 36kg
Sit in back part of car until 13 y.o.
What is amelogenesis imperfecta?
Hereditary
Enamel defect of primary + permanent teeth
Yellow colour
Low susceptibility for caries
May need coverage of crown of tooth to protect dentin, and decrease sensitivity
18 mo. with dx of amelogenesis imperfect. What do you tell mom
a. due to exces fluoride
b. due to sleeping w/ bottle
c. associated w/ increased susceptibility to dental caries
d. associated w/ osteogenesis imperfect
e. hereditary w/ primary and permanent teeth affected
Hereditary w/ primary and permanent teeth affected.
List 4 recommendations to prevent dental caries.
- have fluoridated water and it not available use supplementation
- brush w/ fluoridated toothpaste once first tooth erupted (pea-size)
- sweetened drink only at meal and not in excess of 6 oz/day
- no bottle to bed
- First dental visit by 1 y.o.
Dark + Cavetated lesions on fissure of mandibular molars.
- associated w/ caries
- associated w/ osteogenesis imperfect
- hereditary w/ primary and permanent teeth affected
= CARIES
T or F: Mothers who BF are at increased risk of malignancy.
False.
There is a reduced risk of malignancies in mother and child.
Mother most at risk of stopping BF:
- unmarried
- less educated
- lower SES
What are benefit of BF:
Mother:
- improve wt loss
- cheaper
- delayed onset of menses
- decreased breast + ovarian CA, heart dx, RF
Child:
- decreased infection: meningitis, bacteremia, gastroenteritis, acute AOM, UTI
- less Type 1 and 2 DM
- less allergic dx including atopic dermatitis and asthma
- less IBD
- improved cognitive development
- decrease incidence of SIDS
- decreased obesity later in life
- less childhood malignancy including lymphoma and leukaemia
What is the casein-to-whey ratio?
BF is WAY better
Whey 60%; Casein 40%
T or F: CPS recommend exclusive BF for first 6 month of life.
True
Which should the first complementary foods be?
Iron rich!
- meat
- meat alternative
- Fe fortified pablum
When should soy based formula be used
Galactosemia
or cultural/ religious reasons
T or F: lumpy solid foods can be delayed till 12 mon.
False.
- should not delay past 9 mon.
Which food must you avoid < 1 y.o.
Honey
Reason: infantile botulism
What is a high risk infant for allergy prevention in the CPS statement?
Infant w/ first degree relative w/ an allergic condition.
What are CPS recommendations for allergy prevention for high risk infants?
- Do NOT restrict maternal diet in preg or BF
- do not delay specific solid intro
- *- some earlier introduction of solid secondary may be protective (4-6 mo.)
- *- regular ingestion of newly introduced food important to maintain tolerance
T or F: avoiding egg, milk, peanut in BF will help prevent allergy.
False.
Pacifier Pro and Con:
(-):
- dental occlusion if prolonged
BUT dental assoc. promote this over finger sucker
(+):
- prem: comfort, state regulation
- may offer some protection against SIDS
When do you do BMI versus wt for length
Wt for length: < 2
BMI > 2 y.o.
What are protective factors for childhood obesity
- siblings
- regular family meals
- adequate sleep
- parental limit setting + supervision
T or F: kids under 2 can have 30 min. of screen time.
False.
SHOULD HAVE NONE
How much screen time should kids 2-5 y.o. have?
Max 1 hour/day
T or F: you should avoid screen 1 hr before bed.
True
What should parents do to mitigate risk of screen time w/ kids?
- be present during screen time
- be aware of content
- teach self-regulation calming