Gen Bio Quiz 2 (cell modifications) Flashcards
to suffer
A type of cell modification that is found on the apical surface of the cell
Apical Modification
Finger-like cytoplasmic extensions that is also called a brush or striated border
villi
They arise from the cell’s surface that also
increase surface area allowing faster and more efficient absorption
villi
Provides a short distance for the diffusion of food molecules in the blood
villi
a lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine.
lacteal
________ are smaller projections that arise from the cell’s surface that also increase surface area allowing faster and more efficient absorption.
microvilli
a short hair-like projections that is made up of microtubules
cilia
Elongated, motile structures on the surface of some epithelial cells
cilia
It exhibits rapid back-and-fourth movement
cilia
Tail-like projections that protrude from the cell body of certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
flagella
It is present in the tail of spermatozoa
flagella
A bundle of nine pairs of microtubules surrounding two central microtubules
flagella
Long tubular-shaped outgrowths from root epidermal cells that increases the root’s surface area
root hairs
It aids plant in nutrient acquisition, anchorage, and microbe interaction
root hairs
It is located in the epithelial linings of trachea, bronchi, and oviducts.
cilia
A type of cell modification that is found on the basal surface of the cell
Lateral Modification/Basal Modification
intercellular adhesion complexes in epithelia and endothelia that control paracellular permeability
tight junction
Form the border between the apical and basolateral cell surface domains
tight junction
Establishes and maintains cell polarity by restricting the distribution of lipids within the membrane
tight junction
It acts as barriers that regulate the movement of water and solutes between epithelial layers
tight junction
This is an element of the cell-cell junction in which
cadherin receptors bridge the neighboring plasma membranes via their hemophilic
reactions
Adherens junction
A major function of is to maintain the physical association between cells
Adherens junction
It is the anchoring junction on the lateral surface of the cell that is very similar to the anchoring junction of the basal surface of the cell
Adherens junction
An intercellular channels that allow ions, tiny molecules, and electrical impulses to be exchanged directly between nearby cells.
gap junctions
It is also known as communicating junctions
gap junctions
Closable channels that connect the cytoplasm of adjoining animal cells
gap junctions
It has the presence of connexon that allows direct exchange of chemical between the cytoplasm of two cells
gap junction
forming or belonging to a bottom layer or base.
basal
A specialized cell-cell junctions which provide mechanical strength to mechanically stressed tissues like skin and heart muscle.
desmosomes
anchoring junction on the basal surface of the cell
desmosomes
A rivet-like links between cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components
desmosomes
It is primarily composed of keratin, integrins, and cadherins
desmosomes
It supports the epithelium and also functions as a passive molecular sieve or ultrafilter
basal infoldings
A gap junction that is present in mitochondria
basal infoldings
they increase the lateral surface area and functional capacity of that surface
basal infoldings
they contain mitochondria to give energy for active transport of ions
basal infoldings
