Gen Bio Quiz 2 (cell modifications)

Question 1

A type of cell modification that is found on the apical surface of the cell

Answer 1

Apical Modification

Question 2

Finger-like cytoplasmic extensions that is also called a brush or striated border

Answer 2

villi

Question 3

They arise from the cell’s surface that also
increase surface area allowing faster and more efficient absorption

Answer 3

villi

Question 4

Provides a short distance for the diffusion of food molecules in the blood

Answer 4

villi

Question 5

a lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine.

Answer 5

lacteal

Question 6

________ are smaller projections that arise from the cell’s surface that also increase surface area allowing faster and more efficient absorption.

Answer 6

microvilli

Question 7

a short hair-like projections that is made up of microtubules

Answer 7

cilia

Question 8

Elongated, motile structures on the surface of some epithelial cells

Answer 8

cilia

Question 9

It exhibits rapid back-and-fourth movement

Answer 9

cilia

Question 10

Tail-like projections that protrude from the cell body of certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 10

flagella

Question 11

It is present in the tail of spermatozoa

Answer 11

flagella

Question 12

A bundle of nine pairs of microtubules surrounding two central microtubules

Answer 12

flagella

Question 13

Long tubular-shaped outgrowths from root epidermal cells that increases the root’s surface area

Answer 13

root hairs

Question 14

It aids plant in nutrient acquisition, anchorage, and microbe interaction

Answer 14

root hairs

Question 15

It is located in the epithelial linings of trachea, bronchi, and oviducts.

Answer 15

cilia

Question 16

A type of cell modification that is found on the basal surface of the cell

Answer 16

Lateral Modification/Basal Modification

Question 17

intercellular adhesion complexes in epithelia and endothelia that control paracellular permeability

Answer 17

tight junction

Question 18

Form the border between the apical and basolateral cell surface domains

Answer 18

tight junction

Question 19

Establishes and maintains cell polarity by restricting the distribution of lipids within the membrane

Answer 19

tight junction

Question 20

It acts as barriers that regulate the movement of water and solutes between epithelial layers

Answer 20

tight junction

Question 21

This is an element of the cell-cell junction in which
cadherin receptors bridge the neighboring plasma membranes via their hemophilic
reactions

Answer 21

Adherens junction

Question 22

A major function of is to maintain the physical association between cells

Answer 22

Adherens junction

Question 23

It is the anchoring junction on the lateral surface of the cell that is very similar to the anchoring junction of the basal surface of the cell

Answer 23

Adherens junction

Question 24

An intercellular channels that allow ions, tiny molecules, and electrical impulses to be exchanged directly between nearby cells.

Answer 24

gap junctions

Question 25

It is also known as communicating junctions

Answer 25

gap junctions

Question 26

Closable channels that connect the cytoplasm of adjoining animal cells

Answer 26

gap junctions

Question 27

It has the presence of connexon that allows direct exchange of chemical between the cytoplasm of two cells

Answer 27

gap junction

Question 28

forming or belonging to a bottom layer or base.

Answer 28

basal

Question 29

A specialized cell-cell junctions which provide mechanical strength to mechanically stressed tissues like skin and heart muscle.

Answer 29

desmosomes

Question 30

anchoring junction on the basal surface of the cell

Answer 30

desmosomes

Question 31

A rivet-like links between cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components

Answer 31

desmosomes

Question 32

It is primarily composed of keratin, integrins, and cadherins

Answer 32

desmosomes

Question 33

It supports the epithelium and also functions as a passive molecular sieve or ultrafilter

Answer 33

basal infoldings

Question 34

A gap junction that is present in mitochondria

Answer 34

basal infoldings

Question 35

they increase the lateral surface area and functional capacity of that surface

Answer 35

basal infoldings

Question 36

they contain mitochondria to give energy for active transport of ions

Answer 36

basal infoldings