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Gen Bio > Gen Bio Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Gen Bio Quiz 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

All organisms have the ability to grow and develop. These organisms utilize nourishment from their environment together with instructions coded by their genes.

A

Growth and Development

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2
Q

the process through which the plant increases in size

A

Plant growth

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3
Q

In order for higher forms of organisms to function properly, they must maintain appropriate concentrations of different chemicals, pH level, optimum temperature, etc., because these conditions may change from time to time depending on changes in their environment

A

Maintain Homeostasis

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4
Q

a common method of modification of the heat exchange for most mammals

A

Piloerction

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5
Q

the process of succeeding generationsthru sexual or asexual processes, whichinvolves passing down of genes fromparents to their offspring

A

Reproduction

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6
Q

Organisms have the ability to respond todifferent environments and diverse stimuli.

A

Response to Stimuli

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7
Q

a process of an organism adjusting to better match its environment.

A

Adaptation

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8
Q

Other organisms take in substances as food which is broken down to its chemical form that is required by an organism.

A

Energy Processing

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9
Q

It’s the most common photosynthetic process and is seen in algae, cynobacteria and plants.

A

Oxygenicphotosynthesis

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10
Q

It’s a photosynthetic process that makesuse of electron donors other than water and contains no by-product of oxygen.

A

Anoxygenicphotosynthesis

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11
Q

Organisms form highly organized and coordinated structures in order to function properly.

A

Organized

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12
Q

Although he is known for telescope, he was also able to make his own microscope becauseof his knowledge about glass and focal lengths.

A

Galileo Galilei

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13
Q

First person to see cells, he was looking at cork and noted that he saw “a great many boxes.

A

Robert Hooke

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14
Q

Observed living cells in pond water, which he called “animalcules”

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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14
Q

The Father of Microbiology

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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15
Q

zoologist who observed tissues of animals hadcells

A

Theodore Schwann

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16
Q

botanist, observed tissues of plants contained cells

A

Mattias Schleiden

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17
Q

He also reported that every living thing is made of up vital units, known as cells. He predicted that cells come from other cells.

A

Rudolf Virchow

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18
Q

The Father of Modern Pathology

A

Rudolf Virchow

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19
Q

What are the 3 cell theories?

A
  1. Every living organism is made of one or more cells.
  2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function.
  3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
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20
Q

A cell that contains a nucleus

A

Eukaryotic Cell

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21
Q

Composed of a bilayerof phospholipids withproteins and short carbohydrate chains

Regulates what entersor exits the cell

A

CELL MEMBRANE

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22
Q

Contains a cytosol which is a thick, aqueous solution of salts surrounding the organelles inside the cell membrane

A

CYTOPLASM

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23
Q

All parts of the cell inside the membrane but outside the nucleus.

A

CYTOPLASM

24
Q

Control center of cell activities

A

NUCLEUS

25
Q

the hereditary material of the cell

A

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

26
Q

Makes ribosomes that make proteins

A

Nucleolus

27
Q

Double membrane surrounding the nucleus

A

Nuclear membrane

28
Q

the process of selectively permeable nuclear envelope separates the contents of the nucleus from that of the cytoplasm.

A

Cell compartmentalization

29
Q

Network of hollow membrane tubules that functions in Synthesis & Transport of cell products

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

30
Q

Has ribosomes on its surface and makes membrane proteins and proteins for EXPORT out of cell

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum(Rough ER)

31
Q

“Protein factories” of the cell

A

Ribosomes

32
Q

They join amino acids together by a process called protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

33
Q

Makes cell products that are USEDINSIDE the cell and it lacks ribosomes on its surface

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

34
Q

The functions of this organelle are:

*Makes membrane lipids (steroids)
*Metabolizescarbohydrates
*Storesand regulates calcium ions (muscle cells) *Detoxifiesdrugs and poisons (Liver)

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

35
Q

Modify, sort & package ER products for storage OR transport out of cell

A

Golgi Apparatus

36
Q

It breaks down food, bacteria, and worn out cell parts and it is programmed for cell death (AUTOLYSIS)

A

Lysosomes

37
Q

Fluid filled sacs for storage of sugars, proteins, minerals, lipids, wastes, salts, water, and enzymes

A

Vacuoles

38
Q

“Powerhouse” of the cell

A

Mitochondrion

39
Q

The site of CELLULAR RESPIRATION (burning of glucose) and generates biologically available energy (ATP)

A

Mitochondrion

40
Q

Found only in photosynthetic organisms and uses energy from sunlight to make own food(glucose)

A

Chloroplasts

41
Q

a gel-like material surrounding thylakoids

A

Stroma

42
Q

Inner membrane modified into sacs

A

Thylakoids

43
Q

Thylakoids in stacks

A

Grana

44
Q

Found in plants, fungi, & bacteria

A

Cell Wall

45
Q

The cell wall in plants is made of ______

A

cellulose

46
Q

The cell wall in bacteria is made of ______

A

peptidoglycan

47
Q

The cell wall in fungi is made of ______

A

chitin

48
Q

What are the 3 nonmembrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles?

A

*Ribosomes

*Cytoskeleton

*Centrosome

49
Q

Helps cell maintain cell shape and help move organelles around

A

Cytoskeleton

50
Q

are threadlike & made of ACTIN

A

Microfilaments

51
Q

are tubelike & made of TUBULIN

A

Microtubules

52
Q

It is an organelle that helps cells divide or make copies of themselves during cell division.

A

Centrioles

53
Q

The ________ is considered a “microtubule-organizing center”. It contains a pair of centrioles.

A

Centrosomes

54
Q

Membrane-bound vesicles containing oxidative enzymes that produce hydrogen peroxide and convert it to water.

A

Peroxisomes

55
Q

Single membrane-bound vesicle that synthesizes and stores lipids, also produces cutin and wax

A

Spherosome

56
Q

Specialized peroxisomes that are present in post germinative seedlings of oil seeds and senescent organs of plants

A

Glyoxysome

57
Q

A specific structure that forms in plant cells during cytokinesis. It builds a cell wall (called as “cell plate”) between daughter cells.

A

Phragmoplast

58
Q

Narrow channels that act as intercellular cytoplasmic bridges to facilitate intercellular communication and transport of materials between plant cells.

A

Plasmodesmata

Gen Bio (4 decks)

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