GCSE Heart Recap

Question 1

What type of blood do arteries carry?

Answer 1

Oxygenated blood

Question 2

Do arteries travel away from the heart or to the heart?

Answer 2

Away from the heart

Question 3

Which artery does not carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 3

Pulmonary artery

Question 4

What type of blood do veins carry?

Answer 4

Deoxygenated blood

Question 5

Do veins travel away from the heart or to the heart?

Answer 5

To the heart

Question 6

Which vein does not carry deoxygenated blood?

Answer 6

Pulmonary vein

Question 7

What do capillaries carry?

Answer 7

Oxygenated blood (containing oxygen and glucose) from arteries to the body’s cells and deoxygenated blood (containing carbon dioxide and waste products) away from the cells to veins.

Question 8

What are the structural features of veins?

Answer 8

Large lumen, thin muscle wall and collagen fibre layer, low pressure and valves

Question 9

What are the structural features of arteries?

Answer 9

Small lumen, thick muscle wall and collagen fibre layer, high pressure and no valves

Question 10

What are the structural features of arteries?

Answer 10

One cell in diameter, carry both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and large lumen

Question 11

Why is it important to have a circulatory system?

Answer 11

The body can’t only depend on diffusion due to large surface area : volume ratio

Question 12

What is transported and transferred in the circulatory system?

Answer 12

Substances such as glucose, amino acids, oxygen, fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, antibodies and carbon dioxide are transported and heat is transferred

Question 13

Why is the circulatory system called the ‘double’ circulatory system?

Answer 13

Blood enters the heart twice and there are two separate circulation systems: one to the lungs and one to all the organs of the body

Question 14

What is another word for the movement of blood around the body?

Answer 14

Mass flow

Question 15

Why is it important to have a left and right side of the heart?

Answer 15

1. To keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate
2. To maximise the amount of oxygen that has to be delivered to tissues and help maintain a high concentration gradient in the lungs
3. To generate different pressures (left side has a thicker muscle wall)

Question 16

How many chambers does the heart have and what are these?

Answer 16

4 chambers of which 2 are atria and 2 are ventricles

Question 17

Where do the atria receive and pump blood from and to respectively?

Answer 17

They receive blood from the veins and pump it into the ventricles

Question 18

Where do the ventricles receive and pump blood from and to respectively?

Answer 18

They receive blood from the atria and pump it into the arteries

Question 19

Why does the heart contain valves?

Answer 19

To prevent backflow of blood

Question 20

Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the heart?

Answer 20

Vena cava

Question 21

Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

Answer 21

Pulmonary artery

Question 22

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Answer 22

Pulmonary vein

Question 23

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to the body?

Answer 23

Aorta