GCP Compute Flashcards
If you run an instance (VM) on GCP cloud compute for 1 hr 5 min, are you charged for 1 hr 5min or 2hrs?
GCP compute engine is per min billing, you will be charged 1hr 5min.
To avail of discounts on GCP compute engine, do you need to make an upfront commitment?
No, provided you keep the resource running for more than 25% of billing month you will automatically receive discount.
Can you avail of discount if you leave you VM instance turned on 100% of the time during a month?
Yes, there is a sustained usage discount you get provided you instance is running all month.
Can i use capatial letter for instance name?
No only lowercase letter numbers and hyphen
Do I have to have a uniques name for an instance?
Yes, but only within the project.
I have an instance in zone us-east1 and zone A, How can I easily move it to a new zone, us-east1 zone B
Take a snapshot and use a snapshot to create a new image in zone B.
What are the types of instances you can have?
Standard, High-CPU-to-Memory and High-Memory-to-CPU
What is unique about the F1Micro
Instance qualifies for free tier
Is the trial account limited for instances?
Yes 8CPU per instance
Are standard persistant disks HDD or SSD?
HDD
Are persistent disks located in the same physical server as the computer|?
No, the disks are parts of a separate storage service and physically located in separate hardware?
Do persistent disk increase performance when you increase the size of the disk?
Yes
What is an instance service account used for?
To enable the inctance access other services such as GCP Cloud Storage API, you have to give the instance an identity, to do this you asign the instance a service account that will be used when accessng other services in GCP.
What is instance access scope used for?
It is a lagacy functtion that was there before IAM and it enaables you to set access to GCP servcie API’s likeCloud Storage for the instance.
When Google is performing maintenance on an instance and has to shut down the physical server, is there an option I can choose to have the VM stat running?
Yes, you can select to have instance live migrated before maintenance.
Can I have a VM restart if it stops?
Yes
What is a preemptable instance?
It is an instance that runs up to 24hrs and can be terminated by Google at any time.
I am deleting my instance and I want to keep the disk, by default will the disk be preserved?
No, you have to uncheck the delete the boot disk the disk will be deleted automatically when you delete the instance.
We require more performance IOPS performance form an persistent ssd disk, what can we do with out raid?
We can increase the size of the did, as performance is linked with the size of the disk.
Can we decrease the persistent disk size?
No, you can not decrease the persistent disk size.
Can you increase the persistent disk size while VM is running?
Yes
What source types can we have for a persistent disk?
- boot
- snapshot
- blank
What are the persistent disks storage classes?
- regional (link S3)
- multi-regional (like S3 but across regions)
- nearline
- ## coldline (long tern storage like AWS glacier)
I have a boot persistent disk i us-east1-c zone and a instance in us-east1-d, can I have the instance use the persistent disk?
no, disk has to be in the same zone as the instance. I expect this is because the storage service is local to the zone (datacenter).
When creating persistent storage disk, can i use my own keys for encryption?
Yes, you can have customer managed keys or customer supplied keys.
For a windows instance how can I create data consistent snapshot?
Enable VSS when creating a snapshot
For standard persistent storage what is the smallest disk size you can create?
10GB
For standard persistent storage what is the max disk size you can create?
64TB
When you snapshot a persistent disk, is the snapshot only available in the zone or only in the region or globally?
Globally, unlike AWS where the snapshot is only available in the region.
When creating a persistent storage disk, can I create a disk that spans more than a single zone?
No a persistent disk is created in a single zone.
I need to create new image, what options do I have a source?
- Image (existing)
- Disk (existing)
- Snapshot
- Cloud storage (Object)
What is an instance group?
The instance group is a scaling group, an entity that elastically scales the number of instances based on workload,
What is a snapshot?
It takes a point in time incremental backup of the instances.
Is it possible to use a snapshot from one zone to create a instance in another zone?
Yes, snapshots can be used to create a snapshot in another zone.
Can i create a snapshot of instance while it is running?
Yes, you do not need to power down the instance
When I create a snapshot of a windows instance, is the snapshot a safe data consistent snapshot?
Yes, you can enable VSS for windows and this will create a data consistent snapshot
When I create a snapshot of a linux instance, is the snapshot a safe data consistent snapshot?
No
When I create a snapshot of an instance, is the snapshot incremental or a full snapshot?
Snapshots are incremental, the initial one is a full, after initial snapshot it is the difference data that is stored.
When I create a snapshot of an instance in a project, can I use the snapshot in a separate project?
No snapshots are only available in the project they are created in
What is the primary purpose of creating a snapshots?
To create a backup of the running instance
What is the primary purpose of creating an image?
To create a instance.
When you create a custom image, is this image available across projects?
Yes
When you create a custom image, is this image available across projects in another account?
Yes you can share across accounts
Is it possible to use a snapshot from one zone to create a instance in another zone in another region?
Yes
How can I move a VM from one zone to another zone?
Turn VM off and take a snapshot, create instance another region.
When creating an image, other then a snapshot, where else could I pull the data from?
Cloud storage
When creating a image can I create it form a disk?
Yes this is an option.
What is a preemptible instance?
It is an instance that can run for upto 24 hrs and can at any point be interrupted (killed) by GCP
Is a preemptible instance lower cost then a normal instance?
Yes by upto 80%
What type of workload is a preemptible instance good for?
Workloads that are tolerant of been shutdown at any point, like number crunching, image processing, etc.
What is an instance group?
It is for managing a group of VM’s, they can be managed as a group. Much like AWS scale group.
In a instance group, what is the difference between managed and unmanaged?
Managed is where instances are created and deleted depending on value such as screwdriver matric,CPI load, etc.
When I have an instance in an instance group and it dies for some reason, do I need to manually recreate it?
No, it will automatically be recreated
With a instance group what is used as an input when creating a instance?
an image template holds what the instance should look like.
What is an instance template?
It is a template used by instance group when creating a instance.
When using instance groups, can i have instances deployed to more then one zone?
Yes you can select what zones to use
I need to store a startup script what is my option to have this startup script stored and available for use by the instance?
Use the GCP Compute Metadata Server?
When a shutdown is started, will it run until it is finished processing or is there a time period limited before the instance is shut down anyway?
You have 90sec for a normal VM to start and finish a shutdown script or 30sec for a preemptive instance.
I need an exact VM size, none of the default sizes suit, what options do i have?
In GCP Cloud Compute Instances you can customize the instance CPU and memory size.
Is the persistant disk attached localy?
No, it is a seperate service, probaly ISCSI
What storage options do we have for block storage for VM’s?
- Persistant, both HDD and SDD
- Local attached disk SSD nly
Is local attached disk HDD or SSD?
SSD
Is the bootdisk a local or persistand disk?
Persistand only
Why use a local SSD disk?
High preformance, local disk has no network latency
When using local SSD disk, is it resielent?
No
Can the local disk be a boot disk?
No only an attached disk
Are persistant disks highly available and redundant?
Yes
With a persistant disk how can I imporve prefromance?
Increace size
What types of persistand dis is available?
Zonal and Regional
What is the max size for persistant disk?
64TB
What is the max size of local disk?
There is just one size of 375GB, it cant be larger or smaller. But you can attach upto 8 at same time.
Can I create a local disk after I create the instance?
No
When i delete my instance will the persistant disk get deleted?
By default yes, but there is an option to have the disk persist.
When creating a disk can I create the disk form an exsting disk?
Yes provided it is in the same
For local disk what optons do we have?
SCSI and NVME
Can you attach a persistant disk to an already running machine?
Yes
What is the purpose of an image?
To create an instance
What is the purpose of a snapshot?
backup of your instance
Can you create an image from a disk?
yes, it is recomended to shutdown the instance
Can i access an image aceoss projects?
yes
Can i access a snapshot across projects?
No
what sources can i capture an image from?
existing disk
snapshot
another image
compresed image in cloud storage (Tar.gz an image and store on cloud storage)
For Images what are the states I can marks the image so it is depricated?
Depricated: Works but gives warning
Obailate: New users can not use it
Delete: All users can not use it
Active: Marked image active again after it was marked depricated
Can you create a Image from a snapshot?
Yes
If i set my image to deprecated, what happens?
I get a warning if I go to sue it
What is an instance template used for?
It is used by instance groupe when creating instances. It is set of what the instance should look like.
Are instance templates regional or global?
They are global provided you do not use a disk tied to a region.
When I have instance in an instance group, will the instances be subject to firewall rules?
Yes just like normal instance.
I have an instance group and i need to role out a new software change, how best can I so this?
Instance group has a rolling update feature, this can be used to role out the update,
I have an instance group and i need to preform a canary update, how best can I so this?
instance groups support partial role out of new software/template
What happens when the host you instance is running on requires maintenance?
GCP will live to migrate your VM to a new host before maintenance
What happens when the network or power grid for you host your instance is running on requires maintenance?
GCP will live to migrate your VM to a new host before maintenance
When GCP want to do maintenance on you instance host, what will happen first?
You will be notified
Will you see GCP maintenance in your logs?
Yes
When GCP want to do maintenance on a preemptable instance, what will happen?
The preemptable instance will be terminated
Is there a way to ensure the secure integrity of an instance (VM)?
Shielded instances ensure integrity with,
- Secure boot: Ensure the integrity of all boot components. Firmware is signed and verified by Google. Signed manufacturers firmware is signed and checked.
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