Gastrointestinal: SMP Pharmacology Flashcards
What substances produced by the stomach are the “attackers” of gut mucosa via stimulation of acid secretion?
Stimulate acid secretion:
- Histamine
- Gastrin
- ACh
What substances are “defenders” of gut mucosa?
Somatostatin and Prostaglandins through stimulation of:
- Mucus secretion
- Bicarbonate ion secretion
- Blood flow
What do gastric chief cells secrete?
Pepsinogen → pepsin (a protease)
What do gastric parietal cells secrete?
Hydrochloric acid
What substances (3) stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid?
- Gastrin: peptide hormone of the stomach
- ACh: parasympathetic neurotransmitter released from the vagus nerve
- Histamine: local mediator
What is the parasympathetic neurotransmitter released from the vagus nerve?
ACh
What is the broad action of antacids like aluminim hydroxide?
Neutralise acid secretion
What is the broad action of histamine H2 receptor antagonists (blockers) like ranitidine?
Inhibit acid secretion
What is the broad action of proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole?
Inhibit acid secretion
What class of drug is aluminium hydroxide?
Antacid
What class of drug is Ranitidine?
Histamine H2 receptor antagonist (blocker)
What class of drug is Ameprazole?
Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
What is the drug treatment of Helicobacter Pylori?
Triple therapy:
- Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
- Amoxycillin (or metronidazole)
- Clarithromycin
What class of drug is Magnesium hydroxide?
Antacid