Gastrointestinal infections Flashcards
What is Dysbiosis
Compositional and functional alterations of the microbiome
Name three sources of transmission of GI infections and how they’re transmitted
Water, Food, Soil and Faecal-oral transmission (BUM GUM)
List some symptoms of GI infections
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Blood in faeces
- Fever
Laboratory investigations of GI infections
Visual assessment of
sample
Is Blood &/or mucus
present?
Bristol Stool chart can be used for lab investigations
What test is used in lab to grow infection?
Cultures
What diagnostic tests are used?
EIA and PCR
List 3 Pathogens that contribute to foodborne disease.
Norovirus, Salmonella, S.aureus
State the source, transmission and result of food poisoning from salmonella enteritidis
Source: Homemade mayo using raw eggs
Transmission: storage at room temperature promotes bacterial growth
Result: Gastroenteritis
State the source, transmission, and result of food poisoning from Shigella Spp (in children with diarrhea)
Source: Preschool
Transmission: contaminated hand to mouth
Result: Gatroenteritis
when does the onset of salmonella occur after ingestion and how long does it take to resolve?
The onset of the disease occurs 8 - 48hrs after ingestion and is normally resolved in 2-5 days
Give an example of a virus that causes GI infection, how its transmitted and its symptoms
Norovirus
transmission: contact with an infected person,
contaminated food and drink
Symptoms: Suddenly feeling sick, projectile vomiting and watery diarrhea
What is the duration of norovirus?
20-60 hours
you can continue to shed virus for 3 days after symptoms but can also be as long as 3 weeks
Give an example of a parasite that causes GI infection, and how it’s transmitted
Giardia intestinalis (G.lamblia)
transmission: waterborne diarrheal disease - e.g contaminated water supply
