Gastrointestinal hormones Flashcards
gastrin is released by cells in the stomach
G cells in Antrum of the stomach
stimulus –> Distension of stomach, vagus nerves (mediated by gastrin-releasing peptide), luminal peptides/amino acids
Inhibited by: low antral pH, somatostatin
gastrin acts on what cells to increase acid secretion ( hydrogen ions)
Gastrin then acts on gastric parietal cells which increase H+ secretion.
chief cells release what
Gastric chief cells release pepsinogen
stomach acid converts it to pepsin
Gastric mucosal cells produce
mucosa
gastric parietal cells also release intrinsic factor which is important in what
absorption of vitamin B12
Increases acid secretion by gastric parietal cells, pepsinogen and IF secretion, increases gastric motility, stimulates parietal cell maturation
what hormone
gastrin
CCK is released by what cells in the small intestine
I cells in upper small intestine
stimulated by Partially digested proteins and triglycerides
Acidic chyme, fatty acids stimulate S cells in upper small intestine to release
secretin
Increases secretion of bicarbonate-rich fluid from pancreas and hepatic duct cells, decreases gastric acid secretion, trophic effect on pancreatic acinar cells
what hormone
secretin
what Is released from both Small intestine, pancreas
VIP
Stimulates secretion by pancreas and intestines, inhibits acid secretion
what hormone
secretin
Fat, bile salts and glucose in the intestinal lumen cause D cells in the pancreas & stomach to secrete
somatostatin
Decreases acid and pepsin secretion, decreases gastrin secretion, decreases pancreatic enzyme secretion, decreases insulin and glucagon secretion
inhibits trophic effects of gastrin, stimulates gastric mucous production
what hormone
somatostatin
