Gastrointestinal Flashcards
Pancreatitis causes
Get Smashed
gallstones ethanol trauma steroids mumps autoimmune scorpion stings hyperlipidaemia/hypercalcaemia ERCP drugs
Gingival Hypertrophy. Gingivectomy/Biting on own gums
side effect of calcium channel blockers or phenotoin
bird beak appearance (and distended oesophagus)
achalasia, if in lower GI imaging is a sign of bowel upstruction
- Grey Turner’s (lumbar redness) and Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness) positive
acute pancreatitis
Murphy’s sign positive
cholecystitis
pale stools, jaundice and abdominal pain
biliary obstruction
Abdo distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness
portal hypertension + ascites
Pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum
Crohn’s/UC
“Tinkling bowel sounds”
bowel obstruction
Vesicular rash + weight loss
Coeliac Disease
Virchow’s node (left supra-clavicular)
gastric cancer
Urea breath test
H pylori
14C breath test
bacterial overgrowth
“Rice-water”-like stools
vibrio cholera
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Presence of AMA (Anti mitochondrial antibodies)
Autoimmune hepatitis
Presence of ASMA (anti smooth muscle antibodies)
Alpha Feto Protein assay
hepatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)
Cobblestone mucosa’; indicating deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa
Crohn’s disease
Diuretic for ascites (due to cirrhosis)
Spironolactone
Corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow
diffuse oesophageal spasm
Severe abdo pain + D&V after raw milk
Campylobacter
Russell’s sign
self induced vomiting
Mallory’s hyaline bodies
alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic active hepatitis
Crypt abscess / cryptitis
Inflammatory Bowel CROHN’S
Onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
“Signet Ring” cells seen on biopsy
Linitis plastica - diffuse stomach cancer
Thumb-printing on X-ray commonly at splenic flexure
Ischaemic colitis
Charcot’s triad
Acute cholangitis i.e. fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary to cholelithiasis.
Causes for abdominal mass: A CHEMICAL
AAA crohn’s hernia enlarged organ malignancy intersusception cyst or abcess appendicitis lymphadenopathy
Causes for bowel obstruction: BATH VIPS
bolus
adhesions
tumour
hernia
volvulus
intersussception
pseudo-obstruction
stricture.
