Gastrointestinal

Question 1

Calcium Carbonate

Answer 1

Class: Calcium Salt
Indications: Treatment of osteoporosis, antacid treatment of gastritis, treatment of electrolyte imbalance.
Action: Acts as an activator in the transmission of nerve impulses and contraction of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. Essential for bone formation and blood coagulation. Buffers acidity. Calcium acetate binds with phosphorus to decrease phosphorous levels.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: CNS: syncope (IV only), tingling. CV: cardiac arrest (IV only), arrhythmias, bradycardia. GI: constipation, nausea, vomiting, rebound acidity. GU: calculi, hypercalciuria. Local: phlebitis (IV only).
Patient teaching: may cause constipation and GI upset
Labs: Serum Ca levels must be assessed prior to and after administration (9-10.5 mg/dL)
VS: BP, pulses, and ECG frequently throughout parenteral therapy. May cause vasodilation with resulting hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest.

Question 2

Calcium Citrate

Answer 2

Class: Calcium Salt
Indications: Treatment of osteoporosis, antacid treatment of gastritis, treatment of electrolyte imbalance.
Action: Acts as an activator in the transmission of nerve impulses and contraction of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. Essential for bone formation and blood coagulation. Buffers acidity. Calcium acetate binds with phosphorus to decrease phosphorous levels.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: CNS: syncope (IV only), tingling. CV: cardiac arrest (IV only), arrhythmias, bradycardia. GI: constipation, nausea, vomiting, rebound acidity. GU: calculi, hypercalciuria. Local: phlebitis (IV only).
Patient teaching: may cause constipation and GI upset
Labs: Serum Ca levels must be assessed prior to and after administration (9-10.5 mg/dL)
VS: BP, pulses, and ECG frequently throughout parenteral therapy. May cause vasodilation with resulting hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest.

Question 3

Calcium Gluconate

Answer 3

Class: Calcium Salt
Indications: Treatment of osteoporosis, antacid treatment of gastritis, treatment of electrolyte imbalance.
Action: Acts as an activator in the transmission of nerve impulses and contraction of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. Essential for bone formation and blood coagulation. Buffers acidity. Calcium acetate binds with phosphorus to decrease phosphorous levels.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: CNS: syncope (IV only), tingling. CV: cardiac arrest (IV only), arrhythmias, bradycardia. GI: constipation, nausea, vomiting, rebound acidity. GU: calculi, hypercalciuria. Local: phlebitis (IV only).
Patient teaching: may cause constipation and GI upset
Labs: Serum Ca levels must be assessed prior to and after administration (9-10.5 mg/dL)
VS: BP, pulses, and ECG frequently throughout parenteral therapy. May cause vasodilation with resulting hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest.