Gastrointestinal Flashcards
Gingival Hypertrophy
Gingivectomy / biting on own gums = side effect of CCB or phenytoin
Bird beak appearance (and distended oesophagus)
Achalasia; if in lower GI imaging is a sign of bowel obstruction
Grey Turner’s (lumbar redness) and Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness) positive
Acute pancreatitis
GET SMASHED
Gallstones Ethanol Trauma Steroids Mumps Autoimmune Spider bites Hyperlipidaemia/ hyperthermia/ hypercalcaemia ERCP Drugs
Murphy’s sign positive
Cholecystitis
Pale stools, jaundice, abdo pain
Biliary obstruction
Abdo distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness
Portal hypertension + ascites
Pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum
Crohn’s / UC
Tinkling bowel sounds
Bowel obstruction
Vesicular rash and weigh loss
Coeliac’s disease
Virchow’s node
Gastric cancer
Urea breath test
H pylori
C14 breath test
Bacterial overgrowth
Rice water like stools
Vibrio cholera
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Presence of AMA anti-mitochondrial antibodies
Autoimmune hepatitis
Presence of ASMA (anti smooth muscle antibodies)
Alpha Feto protein assay
Hepatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)
Cobblestone mucosa
Indicating deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa = found in crowns
Diuretic for ascites (due to cirrhosis)
Spironolactone
Corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow
Diffuse oesophageal spasm
Severe abdo pain + D &V after raw milk
Campylobacter
Russel’s sign
Self induced vomiting
Mallory’s hyaline bodies
Alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic active hepatitis
Crypt abscess/ cyrptitis
Crohns
Onion skinning fibrosis beading of bile ducts
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Signet ring cells seen on biopsy
Linitis plastica -diffuse stomach cancer
Thumb printing on Xray commonly at splenic flexure
Ischaemic colitis
Charcot’s triad
Acute cholangitits i.e. fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary to cholelithiasis
Causes for abdominal mass: A CHEMICAL
AAA Crohn's Hernia Enlarged organ Malignancy Intersusseption Cyst or abscess Appendicitis Lymphadenopathy
Causes of bowel obstruction: BATH VIPS
Bolus Adhesions Tumour Hernia Volvulus Intersusseption Pseudo-obstruction Stricture
Senital loop
Seen on Xray in acute pancreatitis
Hartmann procedure
Management of diverticular disease
Seton stitch
fistular in ano
Feeling of passing glass on defacation
Anal fissure
