Gastrointestinal Flashcards
cleft palate is usually performed when?*
6 to 24 months
how should an infant be held that has cleft palate?
upright & direct formula to side and back of mouth
Esophageal atresia & tracheoesophageal fistula*
esophagus terminates before it reaches the stomach ending in bling pouch or fistula is present that forms an unnatural connection with trachea.
Esophageal atresia & tracheoesophageal fistula interventions*
NPO
supine 30 degree/upright
fluids/antibiotic
HUMITFIED O2**
Esophageal atresia & tracheoesophageal fistula
assessment*
frothy saliva
3 Cs
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
backflow of gastric content into the esophagus.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Assessment
emesis
poor weight
hematemesis
heartburn
anima
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Intervention
supine position >1 HOB ^
small frequent feedings
thicken milk,cut nipple
Antacid
prilose
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
narrowing between the stomach & duodenum
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
symptoms
projectile vomiting
dehydration
metabolic alkalosis-vomit
failure to thrive
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis assessment
emesis non bilious
waves move left to right across epigastrium
olive shaped mass right of umbilicus
inguinal hernia
painless inguinal swelling that is reducible
incarcerated strangulated hernia
portion of bowel becomes caught in hernia sac. compromising blood supply
gangrene
meckels’s diverticulum
bulge in smaller part of intestine. present at birth & leftover of the umbl cord
meckels diverticulum assessment
may be asymptomatic
bloody mucus stool
anemic
Intussusception*
intestine folds into itself
intussusception assessment*
Fetal position/scream
BILE STAINED EMESIS
JELLY STOOL BLOOD/MUCUS
sausage mass in URQ
intussusception interventions*
monitor normal bowel sounds, passage of BARIUM*
normal stool
omphalocele
abd content come through umbilical w/ perineal sac
gastroschisis*
protrusion of intraabdominal content come through umbilical with NO SAC
gastroschisis interventions*
cover w/ sterile saline soaked pads wrap abd loosely.
volvulus
intestine twisting. compromise blood supply
Hirschprung’s Disease *
congenital anomaly lacking ganglionitis cells in GI tract.
Hirschsprung Disease assessment*
CHRONIC constipation
PELLET/RIBBON SMELLING
absence of meconium.
Hirschsprung Disease Intervention*
measure w/ paper tape at the level of umbilicus or @ widest part of abd
Scurvy*
rare in developed countries
Kwashiorkor (most extreme form of PEM)
protein def. thin wasted extremities, prominent abd from ascites (edema)
marasmus
calorie/protein def. skin very lose/wrinkled
lacto ovo
exclude meat consume dairy products/fish.
lacto
exclude meat eggs, drink milk
hypersentivity food allergy
immune globulin E (IgE)
most grow out of allergies, but peanuts are persist
Lactose Intolerance
Sub soy based for cows milk
encourage hard cheese, cottage, yogurt.
CALCIUM/VIT D DEFICIENCY
Celiac disease*
intolerance to gluten
avoid BROW
Barley
Rye
Oat
Wheat
celiac results in*
amino acid glutamine, toxic
malabsorption
onset of celiac*
1-5 yrs & interval of 3-6mos
risk developing malignant lyphoma
Gluten free food*
beef, pork, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, veggies, fruit rice, corn
prohibited for gluten free diet
ice cream, malted milk, pudding grains, anything including wheat and flour
celiac disease assessment*
insidious diarrhea, steatorrhea, anorexia, abd pain, distention, muscle weakness, vomiting, anemia, irritability
celiac disease causes*
watery diarrhea
vomiting
Giardiasis
caused by protozoa and is prevalent among children & crowed places (classroom daycare)
giardiasis
4-6 week diarrhea don’t give antidiarrhea meds.
everyone gets treated.
Appendicitis
pain in mcburneys point
increased WBC
low grade fever
position ride side lying.
vomiting =
metabolic alkalosis
s/s for dehydration
sucken fontanel
skin turgor
dry mucus
decreased tear production.
oliguria
dehydration
metabolic acidosis
Encopresis
constipation with fecal incontinence. hold it till they get home.
soiling of clothes
scratching anal
fecal odor
chelation therapy
lead poising
Antidote for acetaminophen*
N-ACETYCYSTERINE
toxic dose 150mg or higher dont use w/ charcoal
acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
acute 300-500mg
chronic 100mg for days or more
corrosives*
Liquid corrosives can cause more damage to the victim than other types of corrosives.
cleft palate is usually performed when? *
6 to 24 months
