Gastrointestinal

Question 1

What are the underlying structures we palpate?

Answer 1

Large intestine, small intestine, spleen, Liver, stomach, Kidney

Question 2

What is in the RUQ

Answer 2

The right lobe of the liver, gallbladder, head of the pancreas, right. Kidney, right adrenal gland, right colic lecture, right 1/2 of transverse colon

Question 3

What is in the LUQ?

Answer 3

Left Lobe of the. liver, the spleen, the Jejunum, the proximal ileum, Body and tail of pancreas, left kidney, left colic flexure, superior descending colon, transverse colon

Question 4

What is the RLQ?

Answer 4

Cecum, appendix, most of the ilium, inferior aspect of the colon, right ovary and fallopian tube, ureter, spermatic cord,

Question 5

What is the LLQ?

Answer 5

Sigmoid colon, inferior aspect of the descending colon, left ovary left fallopian tube, left ureter, left spermatic cord

Question 6

What is the order of the physical exam?

Answer 6

1. Inspection- looking at the skin of the area
2. Auscultation - using the stethoscope to listen to borborygmi in 4 quadrants
3. Percussion - listening for masses in all 4 quadrants
4. Palpation -shallow then deep palpation,PMI pulse,

Question 7

What does rebound tenderness indicate?

Answer 7

• peritonitis, putting pressure to the ABD then releasing quickly

Question 8

What is the Rovsing’s sign?

Answer 8

Appendicitis, if there is tenderness in the RLQ when palpating the LLQ

Question 9

What is the Psoas Sign?

Answer 9

Appendicitis, patient lying down and extending and putting pressure on the leg

Question 10

What is the Obturator Sign?

Answer 10

Appendicitis, lying a patient down and rotating the femur to apply pressure on the torso

Question 11

what is Murphy’s signs ?

Answer 11

Test for Cholecystitis, deep Palpation to the right costal margin just medial to med-clavicular line

Question 12

What is Ascites?

Answer 12

Testing for fluid wave, one hand on midline other two hands testing side flanks

Question 13

How to test PMI?

Answer 13

Patitent lies down and find. aortic pulse with test width of pulse, should be less. then 3cm

Question 14

What are the Gastro Red Flags?

Answer 14

1. Acute abdomen pain
2. Rebound tenderness
3. Abdominal mass
4. Ascites
5. Abdominal aortic pulse width

Question 15

What is in the CMP?

Answer 15

CMP = comprehensive metabolic panel, panel of 14+ tests to understand basic organ function

Question 16

What is glucose testing?

Answer 16

Usually grouped with CMP, testing levels of sugar in the blood can be hyperglycemia - low glucose or Hypoglycemia - low glucose

Question 17

What is Hemoglobin A1c?

Answer 17

Identifies average blood glucose levels over prolonge. period - 3 months

Question 18

What is in a female gyno exam?

Answer 18

1. Pap smear - evaluate cervix, HPV
2. bimanual exam, palpapating internally and externally to. check for hernia, muscle tone
3. Breast exam - fullness, puckering skin changes, nipple issues
4. Axillary exam - palpating nodes

Question 19

What is part of the male genital exam?

Answer 19

External - check for inguinal hernias and scrotal hernias
Internal- rectal exam - prostate.

Question 20

What is the Lab work for genitals and breast issues?

Answer 20

1. uranalysis
2. Mammogram
3. Thermography