Gastrointestinal

Question 1

The digestive system is made up of:

Answer 1

Gastrointestinal tract (GI):
Mouth 
Pharynx 
Oesophagus
Stomach 
Small intestine 
Large intensity 
Rectum and anal canal 

Accessory digestive organs:
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder

Question 2

What does ingestion mean?

Answer 2

This is the taking of food/liquid into the alimentary tract i.e. eating and drinking

Question 3

What is propulsion?

Answer 3

This mixes and moves the contents along the alimentary tract

Question 4

What is digestion?

Answer 4

Consists of:

Mechanical breakdown:
Muscular movements of the digestive tract (mainly in the oral cavity and stomach) physically break down food into small particles

Chemical digestion:
Hydrolysis reactions aided by enzymes (mainly in the stomach and small intestine) chemically break down food particles into nutrient molecules, small enough to be absorbed

Question 5

What does absorption mean?

Answer 5

This is the process by which the products (nutrients) of chemical digestion pass from the digestive tract into the blood or lymph capillaries for distribution to tissue cells to be used for energy, growth and cell repair

Question 6

What does elimination mean?

Answer 6

Undirected material will be released through the rectum and anus by defecation

Question 7

What is the serosa?

Answer 7

Connective tissue layer

Peritoneum

Question 8

What is the submucosa?

Answer 8

Gland in the submucosa

Duct from gland

Question 9

What is the mucosa?

Answer 9

Mucous epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae

Question 10

What is the muscularis?

Answer 10

Circular muscle layer

Longitudinal muscle layer

Question 11

List the layers of the GI tract in order

Answer 11

Outermost:

Serosa
Muscularis
Submucosa
Mucosa