Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DIT Gastro > Gastro 5 - Duodenum > Flashcards

Gastro 5 - Duodenum Flashcards

1
Q

What type of vomit is seen in duodenal atresia? Which condition is associated with duodenal atresia?

A

Bilious vomiting. Down syndrome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What radiological finding can we see in duodenal atresia?

A

A double bubble.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the Sphincter of Oddi do and where is it found?

A

It is the sphincter that regulates the flow of enzymes from the ampulla of Vater, where the main pancreatic duct flows to, to reach the duodenum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are three causes that can clog up the biliary tract?

A

Biliary sludge. Gallstones. Pancreatic tumor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the procedure to visualize the biliary tract?

A

Endoscopic Retrograde CholangioPancreatogram (ERCP).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which cells secrete CCK (Cholecystokinin)? What does it do?

A

I cells in the duodenum. Decreases gastric emptying. Increases pancreatic secretion. Causes gallbladder contraction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which cells produces Secretin? What does it do?

A

Secreted by the S cells. Facilitates secretion of bicarb by the pancreatic ducts. Neutralizes the gastric acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which cells produce GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide)? What does it do?

A

Produced by K cells. It decreases acid production. It increases insulin release.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do Brunner glands do?

A

Only located in the duodenum submucosa. It secretes an alkaline mucus to neutralize the gastric acid coming from the stomach.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does Somatostatin do? Which cells produce it?

A

The “anti” hormone. It shuts down the release of: Gastrin, CCK, Secretin, GIP, VIP, Insulin, Glucagon. It is produced by D cells (all thru the GI tract), and Delta cells (in the pancreas).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which cells produce VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide)? What does it do?

A

Made by smooth muscle cells in the gut and Parasympathetic ganglia and the enteric nervous system. It relaxes smooth muscle and sphincters thru the GI tract: copious watery diarrhea. It increases secretion of electrolytes and water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does Motilin do?

A

It produces migrating motor complexes, which are huge peristaltic waves that go thru the GI tract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Bethanechol?

A

It is a cholinergic agonist. A prokinetic agent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Neostigmine?

A

It is a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It is a Prokinetic agent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Metoclopramide? What is a side effect of this drug?

A

Two-pronged: stimulates serotonin agonist receptors and antagonist dopamine D2 receptors. It can cause seizures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why do macrolides can be prokinetic agents?

A

Because they stimulate smooth muscle receptors.

17
Q

What is the ligament that connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon?

A

Gastrocolic ligament.

18
Q

Which ligament connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen?

A

The gastrosplenic ligament.

19
Q

Which ligament connects the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall of the perotineal cavity?

A

Splenorenal ligament.

20
Q

What are the two ligaments that need to be cut in order to remove the spleen?

A

Gastrosplenic ligament. Splenorenal ligament.

21
Q

What is the ligament that connects to the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver?

A

Gastrohepatic ligament.

22
Q

Which ligament connects the liver to the duodenum?

A

The hepatoduodenal ligament.

23
Q

What does the hepatoduodenal ligament contain?

A

The portal triad: Hepatic artery, Common bile duct, Portal vein.

24
Q

Which ligament connects the liver to the anterior wall?

A

Falciform ligament.

25
Q

What are the retroperitoneal structures?

A

[A DUCK PEAR]Adrenal glans, Duodenum (2,3,4th part), Ureters, Colon (not transverse part), Kidneys, Pancreas (except the tail), Esophagus, Aorta, Rectum.

26
Q

What important secretory products are released by G cells?

A

Gastrin.

27
Q

What important secretory products are released by I cells?

A

CCK.

28
Q

What important secretory products are released by S cells?

A

Secretin.

29
Q

What important secretory products are released by D cells?

A

Somatostatin.

30
Q

What important secretory products are released by Gastric parietal cells?

A

Gastric acid and IF.

31
Q

What GI ligament Contains the portal triad and may be compressed to control bleeding?

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament.

DIT Gastro (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions