Gastro 0 Flashcards
What are the functions of interleukins 1-5?
[Hot T-Bone stEAk]. IL-1= Fever. IL-2= T-cell stimulator. IL-3= Bone marrow stimulator. IL-4= Enhances production of IgE and IgG. IL-5= Increases production of IgA and eosinophils.
After taking a course of amoxicillin, an adult patient develops toxic megacolon and diarrhea. What is the mechanism of diarrhea?
Killed normal flora, letting Clostridium difficile grow, causing pseudomembranous colitis.
Which Rickettsial species has properties unique from other Rickettsial organisms? What are those unique properties?
Coxiella burnetii. Negative Weil-Felix test, no vector, Transmitted by aerosolized droplets, can spread as endospores. DOES NOT cause rash, instead causes interstitial pneumonia.
On what type of immune cell is the following cell surface protein found: CD4?
T helper cells.
On what type of immune cell is the following cell surface protein found: CD14.
Macrophages.
On what type of immune cell is the following cell surface protein found: CD16?
NK cells and macrophages.
On what type of immune cell is the following cell surface protein found: CD19?
B cells.
On what type of immune cell is the following cell surface protein found: CD3?
T cells (except NK cells).
On what type of immune cell is the following cell surface protein found: CD8?
Cytotoxic T cells.
A child has an immune disorder in which there are repeated Staph abscesses. It is found that neutrophils fail to respond because the chemotactic stimuli are deficient. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (Job syndrome).
What cytokine Promotes B cell growth and differentiation?
IL4, IL5.
What cytokine produced by Th1 cells?
IL-2, IFN-gamma.
What cytokine produced by Th2 cells?
Il-4, IL-5, IL-10.
What cytokines are secreted by helper T cells and activates macrophages?
IFN-gamma.
What cytokine are pyrogens secreted by monocytes and macrophages?
IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha.
What cytokine enhances IgE and IgG?
IL-4.
What cytokine enhances synthesis of IgA?
IL-5.
What cytokine are released by virally infected cells?
IFN-alpha, IFN-beta.
Which autoimmune disorder has Anti-TSH receptor antibodies?
Graves disease.
Which autoimmune disorder has antimitochondrial antibodies?
Primary biliary cirrhosis.
Which autoimmune disorder has anticentromere antibodies?
CREST scleroderma.
Which autoimmune disorder has antihistone antibodies?
Drug-induced lupus.
Which autoimmune disorder has anti-smooth muscle antibodies?
Autoimmune hepatitis.
Which 2 bacteria are well know for being obligate intracellular bacteria? Why can’t these bacteria replicate extracellularly?
Rickettsia. Chlamydia. They both can’t make ATP.