Gastro Flashcards
What is primary biliary cirrhosis?
An autoimmune disease of the liver with destruction of the bile ducts within the liver
It leads to cholestasis, scarring, fibrosis, and cirrhosis.
What complications can occur with primary biliary cirrhosis?
Osteoporosis and sicca syndrome
Sicca syndrome is characterized by dry eyes and mouth.
Who is more commonly affected by primary biliary cirrhosis?
Women, particularly those aged 30-65 years
The disease is significantly more prevalent in women.
What are common symptoms of primary biliary cirrhosis?
Fatigue, pruritus, steatorrhoea, and jaundice
Steatorrhoea refers to fatty stools due to malabsorption.
What examination findings may indicate primary biliary cirrhosis?
Complications of cirrhosis, portal hypertension, xanthelasmata, xanthomata, skin hyperpigmentation, hepatomegaly (70%), splenomegaly (35%)
.
In which patient demographic should primary biliary cirrhosis be suspected?
Middle-aged women presenting with fatigue, itching, jaundice, or right upper quadrant discomfort
These symptoms are indicative of liver dysfunction.
What is the hallmark of primary biliary cirrhosis?
The presence of antimitochondrial antibodies
These antibodies are found in 90-95% of patients with a specificity of 98% for the disease.
What are the goals of management for primary biliary cirrhosis?
To slow disease progression and alleviate symptoms such as pruritus, osteoporosis, and sicca syndrome
Management focuses on improving quality of life.
What is the only life-saving procedure for primary biliary cirrhosis?
Liver transplantation
It is indicated in advanced cases of liver failure.
Fill in the blank: The presence of _______ is a key indicator of primary biliary cirrhosis.
antimitochondrial antibodies
These antibodies help confirm the diagnosis.
True or False: Primary biliary cirrhosis can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver.
True
The disease progresses to serious liver damage if left untreated.
Calculation for plasma osmolality
2Na+ urea+glucose
Drugs to use with caution in Gilbert’s
Atazanavir/ indinavir (HIV)
Gemfibrozil (lipids)
Irinotecann
Statins when combined with gemfibrozil
(Drugs that inhibit UDP- glucuronyl transferase)
Which condition causes a combination of pigmented lesions in the buccal mucosa +GI polyps?
Peutz-Jeghers’ syndrome
What is the inheritance of Peutz-Jeghers’ syndrome
Autosomal dominant
