Gases Flashcards
Properties of gases
No definite size or shape
easily compressed
constant random motion
What are diatomic gases?
Gases composed of molecules containing two atoms bonded to one another
Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer
Diatomic Examples
H, N, F, O, I, Cl, Br
What are monatomic gases?
Singular atoms
The three properties that affect gas behaviors…
Temperature
Volume
Pressure
What does temperature measure in relation to gases?
Measure of kinetic energy or movement of gas particles
An increase in temperature for gases will cause…
Inc. temperature= Inc in kinetic energy
Increase in collisions
When you decrease in temperature for gases what will that do to kinetic energy and collisions?
Decrease kinetic energy
Decrease collisions
What is volume in relation to gas?
Amount of space a substance occupies
Differences for shape and volume for states of matter
Solid: fixed shape and volume
Liquid: take shape of container, fixed volume
Gase: take shape/ volume of container
Pressure in relation to gases
The force of the gas particles colliding with the walls of their container
Pressure Formula
P =F/A
the relationship between pressure and area
inversely porportional
What happens to gas when it is compressed?
Decrease in volume
Increase collisions
Increase pressure
What happens to gas when it expands?
Increase volume
Decrease collisions
Decrease pressure
The four gas laws
Boyle’s Law
Charles Law
Avogradro’s Law
Gay- Lussac law
Boyle’s Law
P1V1= P2V2
Within Boyle’s law what is held constant?
temperature and moles
The relationship between pressure and volume in boyle’s law
Inversely proportional
Charles’s Law
V1/T1= V2/T2
What’s held constant within charles’s law?
pressure and moles
The relationship between volume and temperature in charles’s law
directionly proportional
Avogadro’s law
V1/ n1= V2/n2
What’s held constant in avogadro’s law?
pressure and temperature
Is avogadro’s law inversely or directly proportional?
Directly proportional
Gay Lussac’s Law
P1/ T1= P2/T2
What is held constant for Gay Lussac’s law?
volume and moles
The relationship for Gay Lussac’s law
directly propportional
Combined Gas law
P1V1/n1T1= P2V2/n2T2
Ideal Gas Law
PV=nRT
HIGH YIELD
What temperature and pressure do ideal gases preform at?
Low pressures
High temperatures
Dalton’s Law (partial pressure)
P(total)= P1+ P2+ P3
Density
D= M/V
Density of gases
D= PM/ RT
Effusion
Movement of gas molecules from one container to another through a tiny hole
Diffusion
Molecules move from areas of high to low concentration
Rate of effusion
Gas > Liquid > Solid
Which phase of matter effuses the fastest?
Gas
Graham’s Law of effusion
r1/r2 = Sqrt (m2/m1)
