Gases Flashcards
how many particles per mole?
6.022 x 10^23
what can be said about movement of particles in solids?
lattice structures. they have low vibrational energy
what can be said about movement of particles in liquids?
takes shape of container
what can be said about movement of particles in gases?
free to move around
what is the ideal behaviour of gases?
pressure not too high, temperature not too low (close to condensation temperature), particles have no volume (negligible), particles experience no attractive force (negligible)
what is boyle’s law?
an inverse relationship for fixed amount of gas at fixed temperature. P1V1=P2V2.
what is charle’s law?
a linear relationship for fixed amount of gas at fixed pressure. V1/T1=V2/T2
what is avagadro’s law?
for gas at fixed temperature and pressure. V1/n1=V2/n2
what happens when you combine the 3 gas laws?
you get the ideal gas law. PV=nRT
what is molar volume of gas?
1 mol of gas at normal temperature and pressure (273.15 K and 1atm)
what is dalton’s law of partial pressure?
total pressure exerted by mixture of gases is sum of all the partial pressures of the gases. P1+…Pn=Pt
what is the formula for mole fraction? the formula for when its used along with partial pressure?
x1=n1/nt . P1=X1Pt
what is vapour pressure? what does it increase with?
partial pressure of a vapour above liquid (e.g. water vapour). increases with temperature bc water molecules have more energy to move from liquid state to vapour state (more gas molecules=more pressure)
what is avg molar mass?
calculated from molar mass of diff components. MM=(XaMMa)+(XbMMb)+….
what does the kinetic molecular theory of gas entail?
size of particles is negligble. molecules are point particles (only Ek). kinetic energy (Ek) proportional to temperature. elastic collisions. no intermolecular forces
