gaseous state

Question 1

what is boyle’s law?

Answer 1

pV1 = pV2

Question 2

what is charles’ law?

Answer 2

V1/T1 = V2/T2

Question 3

what is the combination of boyle’s and charles’ law?

Answer 3

p1V1/T1 = p2V2/T2

Question 4

what is gay-lussac’s law?

Answer 4

p1/T1 = p2/T2

Question 5

what is avogadro’s law?

Answer 5

V1/n1 = V2/n2

Question 6

what are the conditions for standard temperature pressure?

Answer 6

22.7 dm^3mol-1 at 100000Pa (1bar) and 273K

Question 7

what are the conditions for room temperature pressure?

Answer 7

24 dm^3mol-1 at 101325Pa (1atm) and 293K

Question 8

what is the ideal gas equation?

Answer 8

pV = nRT

Question 9

what are the three assumptions of the kinetic theory applied to ideal gases?

Answer 9

1. the volume occupied by the gas particles is negligible to the volume occupied by the gas.
2. the intermolecular forces of attraction between the gas particles are negligible/
3. all collisions between particles as well as with the walls of the container are perfectly elastic.

Question 10

to approach ideal gas behaviour…

Answer 10

the first condition is high temperature. this is because gas molecules possess more kinetic energy to overcome intermolecular forces of attraction, making it negligible.
the second condition is low pressures where gas molecules are very far apart so the volume of the gas molecules is negligible compared to the large volume occupied by the gas.

Question 11

to deviate from ideal gas behaviour…

Answer 11

the first condition is low temperature. this is because gas molecules possess low kinetic energy, resulting in the intermolecular forces of attraction being significant.
the second condition is high pressure where gas molecules are very close together so the volume of the gas molecules is significant compared to the large volume occupied by the gas.

Question 12

how do gas molecules deviate from ideal gas behaviour?

Answer 12

the larger the electron cloud size, the stronger the intermolecular forces between the gas molecules, the greater the deviation from ideal gas behaviour

Question 13

what is dalton’s law?

Answer 13

it states that the total pressure of a mixture of two more gases is the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture.

Question 14

what is mole fraction?

Answer 14

it is defined as the ratio of the number of moles of that gas to the total number of moles of the gases in the mixture.

Question 15

how is partial pressure calculated?

Answer 15

it is calculated by taking the product of the mole fraction and the total pressure of the mixture.