Gaseous Exchange And Trasport Systems

Question 1

Requirements of cells and the need for a transport system in multicellular organisms

Answer 1

All cells require oxygen and nutrients for metabolic activities which help get rid of waste
Transport systems are necessary to bring gases and nutrients close to the cells where diffusion occurs

Question 2

Transport system in plants

Answer 2

Root hairs- absorb water and mineral salts by osmosis
Xylem- carries water and dissolved minerals upwards from roots to leaves, requires no energy(passive)
Phloem- contain nuclei and mitochondria, transports organic materials all around the plant from the leaves (translocation) requires energy (active transport)
Stomates and lenticels- movement of gases into and out of leaves and allow water to move out of leaves during transportation

Question 3

Open circulatory system

Answer 3

Insect- grasshopper
Simple pumping system 
One or more tubular hearts 
Fluid pumped through tubes then flows back over cells 
Pressure is low
Does NOT transport respiratory gases
Not much energy required
Fluid circulated called haemolymph

Question 4

Closed circulatory system

Answer 4

Vertebrate mammal 
Pumping system
Muscular heart
Fluid circulated called blood 
Blood pumped through closed system of tubes(blood vessels)
Pressure is high
Transports nutrients, waste and gases

Question 5

Compare the roles of
Respiratory
Circulatory
Excretory

Answer 5

Provides a mechanism for the exchange of gases

Transport system that provides all the cells in the body with nutrients and oxygen

Removes waste from the body

Question 6

3 essential features of gaseous exchange surfaces

Answer 6

Thin
Moist
Surface area