Gaseous Exchange

Question 1

What is gaseous exchange?

Answer 1

this is the  exchange of respiratory gases between the organisms and the external environment

Question 2

What are the qualities of a good respiratory surface?

Answer 2

Thin- reduce distance of diffusion

Moist- dissolve respiratory gases

Folded- increase surface area over which diffusion occurs.

Permeable- allow respiratory gases pass through

Vascularized- to maintain a steep diffusion gradient

Question 3

Parts of the lungs?

Answer 3

1.Trachea
2. Rings of cartilage
3. Bronchus
4. Bronchiole
5. Diaphragm
6. Pleural membrane
7. Rib
8. Internal and external intercostal muscles

Question 4

What is the process of inhalation?

Answer 4

1. Breathing in is an active process.
   2.external intercostal muscles contract.
2. Internal intercostal muscles relax.
3. The diaphragm contacts and gets stretched.
4. The lungs Expand thoracic volume increases, thoracic pressure decreases below the atmosphere.
5. Air is pushed through the nostrils and moves through the trachea,bronchi, bronchioles and to the alveoli where gas exchange occurs.

Question 5

What is the process of exhalation?

Answer 5

1. Internal intercostal muscles contract.
2. External intercostal muscles relax.
3. The rib cage moves downward and inward.
4. The diaphragm muscles and the diaphragm attains it’s normal dome shape.
5. The volume in the chest cavity decreases.
6. Pressure in the lungs increases above that of the atmosphere.
7. Air is forced out of the lungs through nostrils to the external environment.