Gas Machine Part I Flashcards
What are the four common anesthesia machine manufacturers? (4)
- Drager
- GE
- Penlon
- Mindray
What are some examples of the drager anesthesia machine? (7)
- Perseus A500
- Apollo
- Fabius GS Premium
- Fabius Tiro M
- Fabius Tiro
- Fabius MRI
- Narkomed
What are some examples of the GE anesthesia machine? (3)
- Aisys CS2
- Aestiva
- Avance
What are some examples of the penlon anesthesia machine? (3)
- Prima 465
- Prima 460
- Prima 450
What are some examples of the mindray anesthesia machine? (3)
- A7 Advantage
- A5 Advantage
- A4 Advantage
What are the four systematic components of the anesthesia gas machine?
- Supply
- Processing
- Delivery
- Disposal
Review the gas machine systematic approach diagram.
What are the different pressure systems of the anesthesia gas machine (3)?
- High-Pressure System
- Intermediate Pressure System
- Low-Pressure System
What is the definition of high pressure system?
Exposed to cylinder pressure
What are components of the high pressure system? (4)
- Hanger yoke
- Yoke block with check valves
- Cylinder pressure gauge
- Cylinder pressure regulators
What are components of the intermediate pressure system? (6)
- Pipeline inlets, check valves, and pressure gauges
- Ventilator power inlet
- Oxygen pressure-failure devices
- Flowmeter valve
- Oxygen second-stage regulator
- Flush valve
What is the defition of intermediate pressure system?
Exposed to pipeline pressure
What is the typical pipeline pressure?
50 PSI
What is the definition of low pressure system?
Distal to flowmeter needle valve
What are the components of the low pressure system? (4)
- Flowmeter tubes
- Vaporizers
- Check valves
- Common gas outlet
Review Box 16.22 – Summary of preanesthesia checkout recommendations
What is a compressed gas?
is any material or mixture having in the container either an absolute pressure exceeding 40psi at 70◦F or an absolute pressure exceeding 104psi at 130◦F or both
How is compressed gas supplied?
Cylinder & Pipeline
What compressed gas source is found at hospitals?
Pipeline- Main hospital bank
How is oxygen manufactured?
Fractional distillation of liquefied air
What gas supply is the only essential one needed?
Oxygen
What happens to oxygen?
Liquid converted to gas
What is the PSI of pipeline oxygen?
50psi
How is oxygen stored?
Cylinder or tank
What are components of liquid oxygen?
Large flask outside of hospital
How much space does liquid oxygen occupy?
Liquid occupies 1/860 of the space the gas would occupy
28.3 liters of liquid oxygen produces ________ of gas
24,338 liters
What is the temperature oxygen is stored at?
-160◦C
How is nitrous oxide commerically manufactured?
by the thermal decompensation of ammonium nitrate
What are components of nitrous oxide formation?
- Nitrous oxide, water and other toxic impurities are present in the initial reaction
- Further purification is achieved by removing water condensation
What is the minimum that nitrous oxide must contained?
Nitrous oxide cylinders must contain a minimum of 99% nitrous oxide by volume
What is nitrous oxide classified as?
a non-flammable gas but supports combustion
How is nitorus oxide delivered to hospitals?
in H cylinders
What are the two types of compressed gas?
Non-Liquified vs. Liquified
What is non liquified gas?
A gas that does not liquefy at ordinary temperature and ambient pressure
What are examples of non liquified gas? (4)
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Air
- Helium
What is true about the relationship between pressure and non liquified gases?
- Pressure in the cylinder declines steadily as the contents are withdrawn
- Pressure can be used to measure the cylinder contents
What is liquified gas?
A gas that becomes liquid in containers at ordinary temperatures and pressures ranging from 25 to 1500psi
What are examples of liquified gas?
- Nitrous oxide
- Carbon dioxide
What is the relationship between liquified gas and pressure?
- Pressure in the cylinder represents an equilibrium between the liquid and the gas above the liquid
- Pressure remains nearly constant if the temperature remains constant until all of the liquid has evaporated
What is the measurable volume and pressure found in a full tank of non-liquified gas?
- Volume: 660 L
- Pressure: 1900 psig
What is the measurable volume and pressure found in a 50% full non-liquified gas?
- Volume: 330L
- Pressure: 950 psig
What is the measurable volume and pressure found in a 25% full non-liquified gas?
- Volume: 165 L
- Pressure: 475 psig
What is the measurable volume and pressure found in a empty tank non-liquified gas?
- Volume: 0L
- Pressure: 0psig
2000psi = _____ of oxygen
660L
1000psi = _____ of oxygen
330L
You are assigned to transport a patient in the MRI suite. Your oxygen tank regulator shows 1000psi. Oxygen liter flow is 6 liters via simple face mask.
- How many minutes of oxygen remain for this patient?
1000psi = ~330L/6L flow = 55min of oxygen remain in tank
You arrive at the general hospital and the physician you are working with informs you that the main oxygen system is down for the day due to pipeline work. Your oxygen tank shows that you have 500psi in tank #1 and 1000psi in tank #2 on your anesthesia gas machine.
As you begin your six hour re-do fractured hip case, you can expect to change oxygen tank #1 at how many minutes into the case?
Flow rates for the case: 2L/min oxygen and you are not using a ventilator
500psi = ~165L/2L flow = 82.5 minutes remaining
As you enter the hospital you notice a visitor has fainted in the lobby. The EMS arrive for transport. Prior to transporting, you notice that there is 2000 psi left in the oxygen transport tank. The patient is on 4L/min oxygen via nasal cannula
- How much time remains in the oxygen tank?
2000psi = 660L/4L flow = 165 minutes
What liquified compressed gas is represented here and why?
Nitrous Oxide
- Liquid at room temperature and can not estimate the volume left in the tank
What is true about the nitrous oxide gauge?
Nitrous oxide cylinder pressure gauge remains at 745psi until the liquid is gone
What is true regarding gas removed from the nitrous oxide tank? When should be done if the pressure reading is less than 745 psi?
- Three-quarters of the gas is removed and pressure will decline rapidly with further use
- Change cylinder if pressure reading is less than 745psi
What can occur ith rapid removal of nitrous oxide? What is the cause of this?
- Rapid removal of nitrous oxide from cylinder (greater than 4L/min) may cause formation of frost on cylinder wall or freezing of valve
- Caused by loss of the latent heat of vaporization
Whast is the property of nitrous oxide?
Non-flammable but supports combustion
How is transportation of regulate compressed gas?
- Department of Transportation (DOT): Regulations r/t: manufacture, handling, storage and disposal
How regulated and sets the cylinder standards of compressed gas?
Compressed Gas Association & National Fire Protection Association
How regulates the purity of compressed gas?
- United States Pharmacopeia (USP)
- FDA
What are the advantages to the pipeline system? (3)
- Cheaper
- Less dangerous than cylinders
- Convenient