Gas Laws

Question 1

What is the kinetic theory of gases?

Answer 1

A theory that assumes a body of gas is composed of identical molecules that behave like minute elastic spheres, spaced far apart and continuously in motion.

Question 2

How does temperature affect molecular motion in gases?

Answer 2

An increase in temperature results in increased molecular motion and a greater number of collisions between molecules.

Question 3

What happens to gas in a sealed, elastic container when temperature increases?

Answer 3

The increased pressure causes the container to expand.

Question 4

What is Boyle’s Law?

Answer 4

The volume of an enclosed dry gas varies inversely with its absolute pressure, provided the temperature remains constant.

Question 5

What is the formula used for Boyle’s Law calculations?

Answer 5

V1P1 = V2P2

Question 6

What is the application of Boyle’s Law in aviation?

Answer 6

• Carbon dioxide bottles for life rafts and vests
• Compressed oxygen and acetylene tanks for welding
• Compressed air brakes and shock absorbers
• Oxygen tanks for high altitude flying and emergencies

Question 7

Who discovered Charles’ Law?

Answer 7

Jacques Charles.

Question 8

What does Charles’ Law state?

Answer 8

All gases expand and contract in direct proportion to the change in absolute temperature, provided pressure is constant.

Question 9

What is the relationship of pressure and temperature in Charles’ Law when volume is constant?

Answer 9

Pressure and temperature are directly proportional.

Question 10

What is the General Gas Law?

Answer 10

A single expression that combines Boyle’s and Charles’ laws to state all the information contained in both.

Question 11

What is Dalton’s Law?

Answer 11

A mixture of gases that do not react chemically exerts a pressure equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the _______.

Answer 12

partial pressures

Question 13

True or False: The absolute pressure of a gas increases with an increase in the number of molecular collisions.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is meant by ‘partial pressure’ in a gas mixture?

Answer 14

The reduced pressure of each gas in a mixture that does not combine chemically.

Question 15

What happens to the volume of gas when absolute pressure is doubled while temperature is constant?

Answer 15

The volume is reduced to half.

Question 16

How is temperature converted to absolute for gas law calculations?

Answer 16

Fahrenheit + 460 = Rankine

Question 17

What is the significance of using absolute values for pressure and temperature in gas law calculations?

Answer 17

It ensures accurate results when applying gas laws.

Question 18

What does the term ‘compressibility’ refer to in the context of gases?

Answer 18

The ability of gases to decrease in volume under pressure.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: Boyle’s law is also referred to as the law of _______.

Answer 19

springiness of air

Question 20

What are the units typically used for pressure in gas law calculations?

Answer 20

psia (absolute pressure) or psig (gauge pressure)

Question 21

What is the result of reducing the volume of a gas while keeping temperature constant?

Answer 21

The pressure increases.

Question 22

What is the equation for Boyle’s Law?

Answer 22

Volume 1 x absolute pressure 1 = volume 2 x absolute pressure 2

V1P1 = V2P2

Question 23

What are the equations for Charle’s Law?

Answer 23

Volume 1 x absolute pressure 2 = Volume 2 x absolute temperature 1

V1T2 = V2T1

pressure 1 x temperature 2 = pressure 2 x temperature 1

P1T2 = P2T1