Gas Exchange in Plants Flashcards
what is photosynthesis?
Process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a by-product.
What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. … Respiration is one of the key ways a cell releases chemical energy to fuel cellular activity. Creates a constant demand for oxygen and a need to eliminate carbon dioxide gas.
What is diffusion ?
Diffusion is the net passive movement of particles (atoms, ions or molecules) from a region in which they are in higher concentration to regions of lower concentration.
What is Osmosis?
Osmosis is the process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermiable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated solution
Where does cellular respiration occur?
cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria and produces ATP (energy for cellular functions)
When does respiration occur?
respiration is carried out constantly, however during the day the processes of photosynthesis use more carbon dioxide than is produced through respiration
How do plants exchange gasses?
plants exchange gasses through Stomata (leaf structure) in their leaves and lenticels in their stems. Root hairs exhange gases with air in spaces in the soil.
What is gas exchange?
gas exchange is the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the cells of an organism and the environment
How does gas exchange occur?
Gas exchange occurs across a gas exchange surface by diffusion whereby the diffusion gradients are maintained by transport of gases away from the gas exchange surface.
where does gas exchange occur?
Gas exchange in plants is through the stomata, specifically in the leaves and sometimes the stems. Gas cannot diffuse directly across the leaf surface due to its waxy cuticle, so they enter and leave the leaf via the stomata (pores)
what adaptions do plants have to limit water loss?
leaf epidermis covered with tiny spores called stomata, whereby each stomata has a special guard cell which regulates stomata size and controls the passage of gases and water vapour
stomata in a dicot leaf
in the flattened leaves typical of most dicots, stomate are usually present only on the lower surface and the stomata density is typically higher than that for monocots.
stomata in a monocot leaf
typically monocot leaves are bayonet shaped, with stomata on both upper and lower surfaces and stomata density (lower surface) is typically lower than that of dicots.
