Gas Exchange Flashcards
What are the components of the human ventilation system?
The ventilation system consists of the nasal cavities, trachea, two bronchi, many bronchioles, two lungs, and respiratory muscles.
What is the function of the small hairs in the nasal cavities?
They filter large particles from the inhaled air.
How are the nasal cavities structured?
Each nasal cavity is divided into three passages by three curved turbinate bones.
What lines the nasal cavities?
A mucous membrane consisting of ciliated columnar epithelial cells.
What is the role of goblet cells in the nasal cavities?
They secrete mucus that moistens incoming air, traps dust and germs, and is antiseptic.
What is the function of cilia on the epithelial cells in the nasal cavities?
They perform sweeping movements to expel dust and carry mucus to the outside.
What does the pharynx connect?
It connects the nasal cavities to the trachea and the oesophagus.
Where is the trachea located?
It is a long, tubular structure located at the front of the oesophagus.
What prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
The epiglottis, which closes the glottis.
What supports the walls of the trachea?
C-shaped cartilage rings.
What is the function of mucus in the trachea?
It moistens incoming air and traps dust particles.
What do the bronchi branch into?
They branch into smaller bronchioles inside the lungs.
What is the structure of bronchioles?
They do not have cartilage rings and consist of smooth muscle.
What do alveoli consist of?
Groups of alveoli are found at the end of each bronchiole.
What is the purpose of the thin walls of the alveoli?
They allow for efficient gaseous exchange.
