Excretion In Humans Flashcards
What is urea and how is it formed?
Urea is formed in the liver as a result of an excess of amino acids, which cannot be stored in the body. Excess amino acids are removed through a process called de-amination.
What happens during de-amination?
De-amination involves the removal of the nitrogen-containing section of amino acids, forming urea.
How is urea excreted from the body?
Urea is filtered from the blood by the kidney and excreted as urine.
What is carbon dioxide and how is it produced?
Carbon dioxide is a waste product produced in cells during respiration.
How is carbon dioxide excreted from the body?
Carbon dioxide exits cells, dissolves in the blood, and is carried to the lungs to be excreted.
What other substances are filtered and excreted by the kidneys?
Excess water and ions are filtered from the blood by the kidney and excreted as urine.
What is the role of the kidney?
The kidney filters waste and excess substances from the blood to be excreted as urine.
What is the importance of filtering substances from the blood?
Filtering is important to prevent the build-up of toxins that could harm the organism.
How does blood flow through the kidney?
Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery and exits through the renal vein.
What substances are removed from the blood during filtration?
Glucose, urea, water, and salts are removed from the blood during filtration.
What is the pathway of urine from the kidneys?
Urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder, where it is stored before being excreted.
What is the medulla?
The medulla is the inner region of the kidney.
What is the function of the ureter?
The ureter transports waste products (urine) from the kidneys to the bladder.
What is the structure and function of a nephron?
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, consisting of a tubule and a glomerulus.
What is the renal artery’s role?
The renal artery transports blood with waste products to the kidney.
