Gas Exchange Flashcards

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1
Q

What four things are the gas exchange system in humans made up of

A

1) A respiratory substance
2) A set of tubes
3) A blood supply
A ventilation system

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2
Q

Advantages of transporting oxygen through a red blood cell

A

1) Regulates pH levels
2) Protects oxygen (prevents it from reacting with other substances)

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3
Q

How is a red blood cell adapted to its function of oxygen transport

A

1) Biconcave shape (large surface area for oxygen absorption and release)
2) Lack of nucleus and organelles (more space)
3) Flexible membrane (allows them to change shape)

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4
Q

list the structures through which a molecule of oxygen passes to get from the atmosphere to the cytoplasm of a named working cell

A

1) The respiratory system
2) The circulatory system
3) Cell membrane of the muscle cell

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5
Q

What does the goblet cell do

A

Produces sticky mucus and releases it onto the surface of the cells

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6
Q

What do the cilia do

A

Carry mucus with trapped microbes away from the lung surface

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7
Q

What does the basement membrane do

A

Holds the cell in place

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8
Q

What do the external intercostal muscles do

A

When you inhale, these muscles contract, causing the rib cage to expand. This action allows the air to rush in

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9
Q

What do the internal intercostal muscles do

A

When you exhale, these muscles contract, pulling the ribs downward and inward.

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10
Q

When oxygen is short in supply the _________ _________ has to work very hard

A

right ventricle

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11
Q

Parts of the respiratory system

A

1) Trachea
2) Bronchus
3) Bronchiole
4) Alveoli (air sacs)
5) Branch of pulmonary artery

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12
Q

For people with asthma, why cant air move easily along the pressure gradient [2mks]

A

1) The muscles in the wall of the bronchi contract
2) The lining of the bronchi ‘leaks’ a sticky mucus

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13
Q

What factors trigger asthma

A

1) Allergy to pollen or dust
2) Emotion
3) Breathing in cold air
4) Smoke

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14
Q

What are two forms of treating asthma

A

1) Removal of the factor causing asthma
2) Using a bronchodilator

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15
Q

Cons of doing too much exercise

A

1) Menstrual cycle may stop
2) Cardiac myopathy
3) Stress facture
4) Torn muscle

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