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Chemistry Aliyya > Gas Chemistry > Flashcards

Gas Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

do you love your mom?

A

no

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2
Q

What is the composition of Nitrogen in our atmosphere?

A

78%

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3
Q

What is the composition of oxygen in our atmosphere?

A

21%

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4
Q

What is the composition of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere?

A

0.03-0.04%

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5
Q

What is the composition of Argon and other gases in our atmosphere?

A

1%

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6
Q

What are 4 of Nitrogen’s properties?

A

Colourless, Odourless, insoluble in water, Unreactive

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7
Q

Why is Nitrogen so unreactive?

A

Due to it’s structure- Two N atoms joined by a strong triple covenant bond meaning it’s diatomic. Lots of energy is required to break the bonds.

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8
Q

What are 3 uses of Nitrogen?

A

Coolant, inert gas-packaging food, transporting vaccines

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9
Q

What is the formula for Ammonia?

A

NH3

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10
Q

What is Ammonia?

A

It is a colourless, pungent gas that is soluble in water and less dense than air.

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11
Q

What is Ammonia used for?

A

To produce fertilisers by reacting with acids, e.g- Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric( HNO3)

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12
Q

NH3+ HCL= ?

A

NH4Cl (ammonium chloride)

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13
Q

NH3+ HNO3=?

A

NH4NO3 ( Ammonium nitrate)

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14
Q

Why is Ammonia a good fertiliser?

A

As the ammonium salts are very soluble in water so they can dissolve in soil water

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15
Q

How do you test for Ammonia?

A
  • Use à glass rod dipped in concentrated Hydrochloric acid.
  • Place in a sample of Ammonia gas
  • If ammonia is present a white smoke of ammonium chloride will be seen
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16
Q

What are 4 physical properties of Hydrogen?

A
  • Colourless, odourless gas
  • Insoluble in water
  • Less dense than air
  • Diatomic, H2
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17
Q

How is hydrogen used?

A

Weather balloons carry instruments into the atmosphere to send back information on atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and wind speed.

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18
Q

What are 2 other uses of Hydrogen?

A
  • Hardening oils

- Using hydrogen as a clean fuel

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19
Q

How does Hydrogen harden oils?

A

By adding hydrogen to a vegetable oil it raises the melting point so can make it harder at room temperature- into margarine

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20
Q

Why can hydrogen be used as a clean fuel?

A

As when it burns it produces water

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21
Q

What is the test for Hydrogen gas?

A

A lighted splint makes a squeaky pop when in contact with hydrogen gas.

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22
Q

How do you prepare hydrogen?

A

By reacting zinc or magnesium with dilute hydrochloric acid.

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23
Q

What are the 4 properties of Oxygen?

A
  • Colourless
  • Odourless
  • Denser than air
  • Exists as two oxygen atoms bonded together- O2
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24
Q

What is the test for oxygen?

A

Oxygen relights a glowing splint.

25
Q

What are two uses of oxygen?

A
  • In welding

- In medicine- breathing difficulties

26
Q

How do you prepare oxygen?

A

Catalyst- Manganese(IV) oxide is put into hydrogen peroxide to speed the process in which hydrogen peroxide decomposes to produce water and OXYGEN.

27
Q

How do you collect Oxygen?

A

It can be collected over water as it has a low solubility in water.

28
Q

Why do metals burn in oxygen?

A

To produce basic oxides

29
Q

Why do non-metals burn in oxygen?

A

To produce acidic dioxides

30
Q

What is produced when magnesium(2Mg) burns in oxygen(O2)?

A

Magnesium oxide(2MgO)- white solid powder

31
Q

What is produced when copper( 2Cu) burns in oxygen(O2)

A

Copper(II) oxide(2CuO)- Black solid powder layer on copper

32
Q

What is produced when iron(3Fe) is burned in oxygen(2O2)

A

Iron oxide(Fe3O4)- Black solid

33
Q

What is produced when Sulfur(S) is burned in oxygen(O2)?

A

Sulfur dioxide(SO2)- Colourless pungent gas

34
Q

What is produced when carbon(C)burns in oxygen?

A

Carbon dioxide( CO2) - colourless gas

35
Q

Describe the colour change when Magnesium burns in Oxygen

A

Grey solid- White solid

36
Q

Describe the colour change when copper burns in oxygen…

A

Red brown solid- Black layer

37
Q

Describe the colour change when Iron burns in Oxygen…

A

Grey solid- Black solid

38
Q

Describe the colour change when sulfur burns in oxygen…

A

Yellow solid- Colourless pungent gas

39
Q

Describe the colour change when Carbon burns in oxygen…

A

Black solid- Colourless gas

40
Q

What do you observe when Magnesium burns in oxygen…

A

White light

41
Q

What do you observe when copper burns in oxygen?

A

Glows red, occasionally with blue- green flame

42
Q

What do you observe when Iron burns in oxygen?

A

Orange sparks

43
Q

What do you observe when Sulfur burns in oxygen?

A

Blue flame, Bad smell, melts into red liquid

44
Q

What do you observe when carbon burns in oxygen?

A

Exothermic- glow orange when heated strongly

45
Q

Hydrogen+ Oxygen=

A

Water

46
Q

What are the 4 physical properties of Carbon dioxide?

A
  • Colourless, odourless gas
  • Slightly soluble in water
  • Acidic
  • Denser than air
47
Q

How is Carbon dioxide prepared?

A

Hydrochloric acid+ Calcium carbonate

48
Q

Calcium carbonate + Hydrochloric acid=

A

Calcium chloride+ water + CARBON DIOXIDE

49
Q

How can carbon dioxide be collected?

A

Over water, as it has a low solubility in water

50
Q

What is the test for Carbon dioxide?

A
  • Bubble the gas into limewater

- If limewater turns Milky the gas i carbon dioxide

51
Q

Carbon dioxide(CO2)+ Limewater(Ca(OH)2)

A

Calcium carbonate(CaCO3)+ water(H2O

52
Q

Carbon dioxide +Water=

A

Carbonic acid

53
Q

When excess Carbon dioxide is added- Calcium carbonate+ water + carbon dioxide=

A

Calcium hydrogencarbonate ( Ca(HCO3)2

54
Q

What are 2 uses of carbon dioxide?

A
  • Make drinks FIZZY

- Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers to put out fire

55
Q

How do carbon dioxide fire extinguishers put out fire?

A

Carbon dioxide is denser than air so it sinks over the flames, pushing out the surrounding oxygen and starving the fire of oxygen

56
Q

Inert?

A

Unreactive

57
Q

Name a piece of apparatus which would be suitable to collect oxygen gas

A

Gas Syringe

58
Q

Which 3 elements will form a solid at room temperature?

A
  • Copper, iron and magnesium
59
Q

Which element is the 3rd most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

A

Argon

Chemistry Aliyya (5 decks)

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