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PUBLIC AFFAIRS > GAPS IN KNOWLEDGE > Flashcards

GAPS IN KNOWLEDGE Flashcards

1
Q

what is legislature in UK government?

A

make the laws

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2
Q

what is executive in UK government?

A

execute the laws

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3
Q

what is judiciary in UK government?

A

adjudicates the laws

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4
Q

Britain is a …?

A

representative democracy

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5
Q

what is the fixed term parliament act?

A

general elections every 5 years, no power for PM to call elections sooner, royal perogative to dissolve parliament

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6
Q

what is hung parliament?

A

one party emerges from an election with only slightly more seats than it’s nearest rival. forms minority gov. or forms a coalition with another party

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7
Q

who can vote(x3)

who can’t vote(x5)

A

British/Irish/Commonwealth citizen, names on electoral register, over 18 on election day.
Entitled to sit in House of Lords, foreign nationals, patients detained under mental heath crimes, convicted during 5 years of illegal election practices

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8
Q

candidate criteria (local government & uk/european parliament)

A
  • (local) needs to local connection (be on electoral register, lived or worked in the area for a year)
  • local connection isn’t needed for uk/eu parliament
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9
Q

what types of debate are there (x4)

A

-early day motion -adjourment debate -urgent debate - e-petition debate

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10
Q

what is early day motion debate

A

expression of strong view can lead to full debate (no confidence)

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11
Q

what is adjournment debate

A

30 min debate end of every day

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12
Q

what is urgent debate

A

debate on a specific & important matter and must take place within 24hrs

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13
Q

what is e-petition debate

A

100k signatures to be debated

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14
Q

types of legislation (x5)

A

green paper, white paper, public bills, private bills, hybrid bills

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15
Q

what is green paper

A

consulation document outlines possible bill

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16
Q

what is white paper

A

forms basis for bill

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17
Q

what is public bill

A

changes law of the land

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18
Q

what is private bill

A

affects specific individual or organisation

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19
Q

what is hybrid bill

A

mix of public and private bill

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20
Q

passage of bill through parliament (x7)

A

first reading, second reading, comittee, report stage, third reading, passed to house of lords for further debate, royal asset final approval

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21
Q

arguments for staying in the eu (x5)

A

makes trade easier, 3.5 million jobs linked to eu membership, free movement, european arrest warrant, & eurojust (similiar in arrest)

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22
Q

arguments for not staying in eu (x5)

A

Britain held back by the EU(too many rules), membership fee roughly £13bn, control the borders, loss of sovereignty, UK stays in NATO regardless

23
Q

what is article 50

A

how an EU country would leave the union. notify council, negotiate a deal and establish legal grounds for a future, 2 years to sort it

24
Q

what is deflation

A

policy to combat inflation eg raising taxes, interest rates & cutting public spending

25
Q

what is reflation

A

policy to combat recession eg cutting taxes, interesting and increasing public spending

26
Q

NHS problems (x7)

A

expensive (costs over £100 bn a year), ageing population. ££ of new drugs and treatments, obesity & lifestyle problems, staff costs, pay issues and longer waiting lists

27
Q

what is DHSC and what do they do?

A

department of health and social care they decide broad strategy and determine health policies

28
Q

In two tier authorities what does the first tier do and second? give an example of a two tier authority

A

first tier- county council provides for the major area services like education, waste disposal & library
second tier- provide more localised services like housing, streeting cleaning and car parks
EXAMPLE: SURREY

29
Q

what do parish councils do & provide

A

provide localised services like bus shelters & footpaths

30
Q

what do unitary councils do & provide

A

all services run by the county council and district like education, housing & highways

31
Q

advantages of council tax (x5)

A

difficult to evade payment, cheap to collect & administer, easy to understand, predictable yield and easy to budget

32
Q

disadvantages of council tax (x5)

A

crude property valuations, favours occupiers of expensive properties, lower yield than tax, disincentive to home improvement, only a small proportion of the electorate pay

33
Q

what is committee style decision making?

A

decisions made by councillors, used on populations with less than 85k, they meet every 8 weeks

34
Q

what is executive style decision making?

A

cabinet give leadership and clarity to decision making, powerful role for non executive councillors to ensure transparency and local accountability

35
Q

pros of having an executive (x4)

A

great efficiency, attracts higher calibre councillors, greater transparency & greater accountability

36
Q

cons of having an executive (x4)

A

complex, divisive for elite councillors, remote decision making, ineffective scrutiny

37
Q

what are party politics

A

majority of councillors are elected as representatives of the major political parties

38
Q

advantages of party politics (x5)

A

increase interest in local government, electorate have a choice between policies, they know roughly the party politics, leads to efficient local government, useful training ground for national politicians

39
Q

disadvantages of party politics (x5)

A

able councillors may not be willing to stand, some local issues aren’t political and shouldn’t be treated like they are, some decisions will be taken due to party dogma,
time is wasted due to fruitless political bickering, decisions often taken in private

40
Q

issues with education (x7)

A

academies are publicly funded but have more operational freedom, grammar schools are selective, battles over school place allocations, row over spot inspections, childcare (tax breaks for parents), testing of younger pupils & funding

41
Q

what does LSCB stand for?

A

local safeguarding children’s boards

42
Q

examples of adult social care provided (x7)

A

home help, hot meals, day care, home modifications, help with shopping, cheaper travel and disabled parking badges

43
Q

what are the three principles of “town and country planning”

A

ensure all development is supported by appropriate infrastructure, ensure any environment impact is sustainable & steer development towards land unlikely to be affected by flooding for example

44
Q

what is planning gain

A

planning contribution to benefit the community

45
Q

what is greenfield

A

sites that have never been developed or remained “natural” for long periods eg farm land

46
Q

what is brownfield

A

sites that have been developed eg car park/ derelict buildings

47
Q

how do you find information for planning application stories? (x4)

A

planning application notices, council planning committees, planning appeals and enquiries & courts

48
Q

what do chief constables do (x4)

A

manage the forces budget, hire & fire below rank of asst chief constable, provide an annual report on force’s performance & discipline officers for misconduct

49
Q

what does IOPC do and what does it stand for (x4)

A

Independent Office for Police Conduct, IOPC investigates deaths by police, can intervene in chief constable led investigations, direct a chief constable to take disciplinary, can appeal chief constable decision

50
Q

who funds fire and rescue authorities in county council

A

COUNCIL TAX #freevandebeek

51
Q

who funds fire and rescue authorities in unitary, hybrids council

A

combined fire authorities determine their own budgets

52
Q

what does the freedom of information act allow access to (x8)

A

recorded information from 100k public authorities such as written documents, letters, memos, emails, computer records, photos, maps and handwritten notes

53
Q

how do you go about requesting information (5 stages)

A

apply in writing (name and address 20 days to respond), check information to make sure its not been published already or set for publication , requesters have the right to be told and given it except if its high level information, costs mostly free but can charge and if no response in 20 days a public authority can internally review

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