Gaming Flashcards
What are the ICD 11 criteria for Gaming Disorder?
- Impaired control over gaming
- Increasing priority given to gaming over other interests
- Continuation or escalation despite negative consequences
- Pattern may be continuous, episodic or recurrent
- Impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning
- Normally evident over period of 12 months, although may be shortened if all diagnostic criteria being met and symptoms are severe
The ICD 11 criteria establish a framework for diagnosing Gaming Disorder.
What functions does gaming serve for individuals?
- Escapism/avoidance of feelings
- Reward/achievement
- Connection/communication/acceptance
These functions highlight why gaming can be appealing and potentially addictive.
What are some different genres of games?
- Sandbox: Minecraft / Grand Theft Auto
- Real-time strategy (RTS): Starcraft / Total War
- Shooters (FPS and TPS): Call of Duty / Apex Legends / Overwatch
- Multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA): Fortnite / League of Legends / PUBG
- Role-playing (MMORPGs, ARPG, and More): World of Warcraft / Final Fantasy
- Simulation and sports: CityVille / FIFA / Rocket League
- Puzzlers and party games: Candy Crush / Mario Party
- Gacha: Genshin Impact / Fire Emblem
The variety of genres illustrates the diverse gaming landscape.
What factors contribute to gaming addiction?
- Technology: powerful graphics & equipment, immersive and novel experience
- Contingencies and Schedules: rules governing when ‘reward’ is given
- Ratios & Intervals: Variable reward schedules produce highest rates of activity
- Positive Reinforcement: Rewards that strengthen the conditioned response
- Negative Reinforcement: Stimuli removed when desired response has been obtained
These factors explain how gaming can become addictive through psychological mechanisms.
What part of the brain is activated during gaming?
Parts of the limbic system are activated, releasing dopamine, which is associated with reward and pleasure
The limbic system’s involvement indicates the neurological basis for gaming’s appeal.
What are the three prominent models for conceptualizing Gaming Disorder?
- Cognitive-behavioural model (Dong & Potenza, 2014)
- Compensatory Use model (Kardefelt-Winther, 2014)
- I-PACE (Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution) model (Brand et al., 2016)
These models provide frameworks for understanding the mechanisms behind Gaming Disorder.
Describe the Cognitive-behavioural model of Gaming Disorder.
- Stimulus-driven behaviour and reward seeking overtakes cognitive control
- Decision Making and Motivation-seeking (craving) drives to experience pleasure and reduce negative affective states
- Executive function issues: attentional bias, reduced inhibitory control, cognitive inflexibility, emotion regulation difficulties, poor decision making
This model highlights how cognitive processes can be disrupted in gaming addiction.
What does the Compensatory Use model suggest about gaming?
- Gaming is a coping mechanism for real-life problems or negative affective states
- Unhealthy motivation to game triggered by psychosocial problems
- Escape and coping motivation is connected to Gaming Disorder alongside fantasy, achievement, competition, and social motivation
- Poor coping style and beliefs about gaming contribute to excessive gaming
This model emphasizes the psychological needs that gaming may fulfill.
Explain the I-PACE model of Gaming Disorder.
- Multiple predisposing or vulnerability factors leading to Gaming Disorder
- Person factors: genetic and personality traits
- Affective and Motivational factors: stress, anxiety, depression
- Cognitive factors: attention, perception, decision-making
- Execution factors: environmental factors and societal norms
The I-PACE model integrates various influences on gaming behavior.
What is the average age at referral for treatment at the National Centre for Gaming Disorders?
21 years
This statistic provides insight into the demographic characteristics of individuals seeking help.
What percentage of gamers showed improvements in gaming as measured by IGD20?
64%
This reflects the effectiveness of interventions at the National Centre for Gaming Disorders.
What are some validated screening tools for gaming-related problems?
- IGD-20 (Pontes et al., 2014)
- IGDS9-SF (Pontes et al., 2015)
- GDT (Pontes et al., 2019)
These tools help assess the severity and consequences of gaming behavior.
What does the Iceberg model illustrate in relation to gaming difficulties?
The visible behavior (gaming) is just the ‘tip of the iceberg’; underlying factors cause and sustain the behavior
Understanding underlying factors can guide effective interventions.
What are key components of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for gaming addiction?
- Stimulus control
- Identifying and managing triggers & cravings
- Reducing social isolation
- Awareness and monitoring of cognitions
- Developing emotional and behavioral coping skills
CBT techniques are crucial for addressing gaming addiction.
What are common familial factors in the development of gaming difficulties?
- Transitional stages
- Attachment issues
- Broken trust within family
- Boundaries and power dynamics
These factors can complicate the treatment and understanding of gaming disorders.
What does the 5Ps formulation include?
- Presenting problem
- Predisposing factors
- Precipitating factors
- Perpetuating factors
- Protective factors
The 5Ps formulation is a structured approach to understanding problems.
