Gametophytes (Anthophyta)

Question 1

What is development of the microgametophyte?

Answer 1

Pollen grain

Question 2

What do the 2 microspores develop into?

Answer 2

Tube cell
Generative cell

Question 3

What does the generative cell make?

Answer 3

2 sperm cells

Question 4

What are the important morphological features of pollen?

Answer 4

1. Organization of exine -highly sculpted
2. Apertures

Question 5

What is exine?

Answer 5

very durable contains sporopollenin

Question 6

What are Apertures?

Answer 6

Thin areas of wall, exit point for pollen tube
(monocots= 1, eudicots = 3)

Question 7

What does the carpel contain?

Answer 7

Ovules contain nucellus surrounded by integuments

Question 8

What happens in the nucellus?

Answer 8

Megaspore mother cell (2n) –> Meiosis –> 4 megaspores (1n)

Question 9

What is a monosporic ovule?

Answer 9

Form 1 functional megaspore

Question 10

What is a Bishopric ovule?

Answer 10

Form 2 functional megaspore

Question 11

What is a tetrasporic ovule?

Answer 11

Form 4 functional megaspore

Question 12

What happens in Monosporic development?

Answer 12

1 functional megaspore
3 megaspore degenerate

Question 13

What are the 2 types of monosporic development?

Answer 13

1. Polygonum
2. Oenothera

Question 14

What happens in Polygnonum type?

Answer 14

megaspore–> 3 free-nuclear divisions –> 8 nuclei
Nuclei migrate, walls form embryo sac

Question 15

Where are all 8 nuclei? (polygonum type_

Answer 15

2 in central cell
3 in antipodals
2 synergids
1 egg
(egg + synergids make egg apparatus)

Question 16

What happens in Oenothera type?

Answer 16

Megaspore –> 2 free nuclear divisions–> 4 nuclei

Question 17

Where are the nuclei in oenothera type?

Answer 17

1 central cell with 1 polar nucleus
1 egg
2 synergids

Question 18

What is Bisporic development?

Answer 18

2 functional megaspores
2 megaspores degenerate

Question 19

What does Bishopric development look like?

Answer 19

2 megaspores –> 2 free nuclear divisions –> 8 nuclei