Gametogenesis Flashcards
The development of a human from a zygote to birth is divided into two main periods. Which of the following periods are correct? A. Embryonic and Postnatal B. Embryonic and Feotal C. Postnatal and Prenatal D. Before life and After life
B
Zygote undergoes cell division, migration, growth, differentiation, Reproduction and responsiveness.
Is this True or False?
False, because the zygote only undergoes cell division, migration, growth, and differentiation.
The difference between Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
Spermatogenesis – maturation of male gametes.
Oogenesis – maturation of female gametes
What regulates the maturation of sperms and at what stage of life does it begin?
The maturation process begins at puberty – regulated by testosterone.
List 3 things you know about spermatogonia
- lie dormant in seminiferous tubules.
- Increase in number during puberty.
- Transformed into primary spermatocytes.
Spermatogonia undergo mitosis to form primary spermatocytes. Primary spermatocytes undergo meiotic division to form secondary spermatocytes.
These then go through a second meiotic division to form four haploid spermatids. The 2 haploid spermatids undergo spermiogenesis which transforms them into mature sperms.
is this true or false?
Spermatogonia undergo mitosis to form Primary spermatocytes and undergoes meiotic division to form two haploid secondary spermatocytes.
These then go through second meiotic division to form four haploid spermatids. The four haploid spermatids undergo spermiogenesis which transforms them into mature sperms.
Mature sperm cells are active and motile consisting of:
A. Head: contains a nucleus, and has an acrosome which assists in penetration of zona pellucida in fertilization. Neck. Tail: provides motility of sperm.
B. Head: contains a nucleus, Neck, Tail.
C. Head: contains a nucleus, and has an acrosome which assists in penetration of Primordial follicle in fertilization. Neck. Tail: provides motility of sperm.
A
Characteristics of Oogonia
Oogonia are the primordial germ cells.
Oogonia develop into primary oocytes – no oogonia develop after birth.
DESCRIBE PRENATAL OOCYTES FORMATION.
As oocytes form – connective tissue cells surround them forming a layer of follicular cells.
Primary oocyte + Follicular cell layer = Primordial follicle
As primary oocyte enlarges during puberty, primordial follicle becomes primary follicle.
Primary oocyte surrounded by glycoproteinaceous material – zona pellucida
Follicular cells secrete oocyte maturation inhibitor which pauses meiotic process of oocyte
Primary oocytes were suspended in which stage of cell division and that stage if prolonged what gonna happen?
prophase – long duration of this phase can lead to meiotic errors
What are Polar bodies ?
cells that form based on meiotic divisions, and then degenerate.
Are the following statements about the uterus true or false?
- Thick-walled, pear shaped, skeletal organ.
- Two major parts: body and cervix.
- Body of uterus narrows from the fundus to ilium.
- Cervix is the end of the vaginal end of the uterus.
- FALSE
- TRUE
- FALSE
- TRUE
EXPLAIN WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT THE Lumen of cervix – cervical canal.
Has an opening at each end.
Internal os – communicates with cavity of uterine body.
External os – communicates with the vagina.
Name and explain the three layers of uterus, after that Name and explain the three layers of the thin, internal layer of Uterus.
Body of uterus has three layers:
Perimetrium - Thin external layer, firmly attached to:
Myometrium – Thick, smooth muscle layer.
Endometrium – Thin, internal layer.
Three layer of endometrium:
Compact layer – around neck of uterine glands.
Spongy layer – contains bodies of uterine glands.
Basal layer – blind ends of uterine glands.
THE COLLECTIVE NAME FOR SPONGY AND COMPACT LAYERS.
compact and spongy layers collectively known as functional layer