Gametogenesis Flashcards
Reasons why we can get many genetically different gametes ?
- crossing over : the points were homologous exchange genetic material are randomly chosen ;
- random orientation of homologous pairs in metaphase I : the way tetrades orientate in metaphase I allows for many different assortments of chromosomes.
Where is sperm produced ?
In the seminiferous tubules
What is the function of Leydig cells ?
They are located in the space between the seminiferous tubules. They synthesize testosterone and other androgens.
What is the function of Sertoli cells ?
Nature sperm and control their development
What is the name of the stem cells in the testis ?
Spermatogonia
Define spermatogenesis
Transforms the spermatides into spermatozoa in the portion of the tubule closest to the lumen
Describe the head of the sperm
It contains an extremely tightly compact haploid nucleus with very little cytoplasm. It is covered by the acrosome, a cap filled with lysosomal enzymes.
What is the name of the male gonades ?
Testes
What is the name of the female gonades ?
Ovaries
Define oogonia
Ovarian stem cells formed during fetal development. They form primary oocytes prior to birth.
In female, at what phase does the primary oocyte cell division stop before birth ?
Metaphase I
In female, when does primary oocyte resume division ?
Starting from puberty prior to ovulation hormonal signal.
In female oocyte, when is meiosis II completed ?
After fertilization
Define ovarian follicule
It’s the oocyte and it’s supporting cells.
