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Lower Extremity III > Gait-TT > Flashcards

Gait-TT Flashcards

1
Q

What causes full knee extension?

A

Poor suspension
Insufficient initial socket flexion
Foot too anterior
Heel lever too short/soft

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2
Q

What causes excessive knee flexion?

A

Faulty suspension

Flexion contracture

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3
Q

What causes unequal stride length?

A

Faulty suspension

Poor gait pattern

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4
Q

What causes jerky knee flexion?

A

Weak quadriceps

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5
Q

What causes knee instability?

A 
Foot too posterior
Socket too flexed
Shoe heel too high
Foot heel too firm
Shoe doesn't allow foot heel to compress completely
Weak muscles
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6
Q

What causes Hyperextension of the knee?

A 
Foot too anterior
Insufficient initial socket flexion
SACH heel too soft
Heel on shoe too low
Excessive use of knee extensors
Changing from a Joint thigh lacer to PTB
Keel or toe lever too long/firm
Laxity of posterior capsule of knee or hamstrings
Bad gait habit
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7
Q

What causes pistoning?

A

Poor suspension
Not enough socks
Faulty socket modifications
Socket too loose

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8
Q

What causes a medially leaning pylon?

A

Too much socket adduction

Foot too outset

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9
Q

What causes a laterally leaning pylon?

A

Too much socket abduction

Foot too inset

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10
Q

What causes a valgus moment at the knee?

A

Foot too outset
Insufficient medial displacement of foot
Inversion of foot
Poor medial collateral ligaments

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11
Q

What causes a varus moment at the knee?

A

Foot too inset
Socket ML too wide
Lateral collateral ligaments hypermoble

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12
Q

What causes narrow base gait?

A

Foot inset

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13
Q

What causes a wide base gait?

A

Foot too outset
Habit
Hip abductor weakness
Prosthesis too long

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14
Q

What causes lateral trunk bend?

A

Prosthesis too short/long
Residual limb pain
Foot too outset

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15
Q

What causes drop off?

A 
Too lever to short
Keel too soft
Shoe heel too high
Foot excessively dorsiflexed
Socket too flexed
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16
Q

What causes “uphill walking?”

A

Toe lever too long

Foot too plantarflexed

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17
Q

What causes whips?

A

Cuff suspension not aligned properly
Socket externally/internally rotated
Excessive toe out

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18
Q

What causes the foot to touch the ground during mid-swing?

A 
Prosthesis too long
Suspension too loose
Knee flexion limitation
Muscle weakness
Poor gait training
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19
Q

What are the goals for initial contact?

A

Knee maintained in 5-10 degrees of flexion

Stride length equal

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20
Q

What are the goals for loading response?

A

Smooth knee flexion to 20 degrees
3/8inch heel compression
No pistoning

21
Q

What are the goals for midstance?

A

Pylon vertical
Socket displaced laterally 1/2inch
2-4inch between medial side of feet
No lateral trunk bend

22
Q

What are the goals for terminal stance?

A

Heel off smooth

Knee begin to flex for toe off

23
Q

What are the goals for pre-swing?

A

Smooth body weight transfer

Socket remains suspended

24
Q

What are the goals for swing phase?

A

Foot accelerate smoothly

Foot swings through without touching ground

25
Q

What are the deviations during initial contact?

A

Knee fully extended
Knee excessively flexed
Unequal stride length

26
Q

What are the gait deviations for Loading Response?

A

Jerky knee flexion
Knee instability
Excessive knee extension
Pistoning

27
Q

What are the gait deviations for mid stance?

A

Laterally/medially leaning pylon
Varus/Valgus knee moment
Narrow/wide based gait
Lateral trunk bend

28
Q

What are the gait deviations for terminal stance?

A

Drop-off

Uphill walking

29
Q

What are the gait deviations of pre-swing?

A

Drop-off

Pistoning

30
Q

What are the gait deviations of swing phase?

A

Medial/Lateral whips

Prosthetic feet touch the floor

31
Q

What causes excessive abduction of the prosthesis?

A

Socket excessively abducted

Excessive foot eversion

32
Q

What causes excessive adduction of the prosthesis?

A

Socket excessively adducted

Excessive foot inversion

33
Q

What causes excessive toe out?

A

Too much external rotation of foot

Person’s hip externally rotated

34
Q

What external rotation of the foot at heel strike?

A

Heel durometer too hard

Externally rotated prosthesis

35
Q

What causes foot slap?

A

Insufficient plantarflexion resistance

Excessive soft bumper

36
Q

What cause anterior distal tibia pressure?

A

Excessive use of knee extensors
Unrelieved area in socket
Low back of socket

37
Q

What causes medial/lateral leaning pylon?

A

Socket adduction/abduction

Loose socket

38
Q

What causes excessive lateral displacement?

A

Loose ML

Foot excessively inset

39
Q

What causes medial displacement?

A

Foot outset
Pain Prox medial-distal lat
Short residual limb
Knee joint weakness

40
Q

What cause circumduction?

A

Prosthesis too long

41
Q

What causes the toe to drag?

A

Prosthesis too long
Insufficient initial socket flexion
Poor suspension

42
Q

What cause heel rise?

A

Poor suspension

Insufficient initial socket flexion

43
Q

What is the desired heel rise?

A

60 degrees or equal to contralateral limb

44
Q

What is the desired lateral displacement of the socket?

A

1/2inch

45
Q

How much should the knee flex during loading response?

A

15-20 degrees

46
Q

What is the desired dorsiflexion of foot?

A

No more than 1 1/2 inch from floor

47
Q

How much should the knee be flexed at initial contact?

A

5-10 degrees

48
Q

How much heel compression should occur?

A

1/2 inch

Lower Extremity III (9 decks)

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